मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-43, verse-40
ज्ञात्व कालञ्च तं सम्यगभयस्थानमाश्रितः ।
युञ्जीत योगी कालोऽसौ यथा नास्याफलो भवेत् ॥४०॥
युञ्जीत योगी कालोऽसौ यथा नास्याफलो भवेत् ॥४०॥
40. jñātva kālañca taṃ samyagabhayasthānamāśritaḥ .
yuñjīta yogī kālo'sau yathā nāsyāphalo bhavet.
yuñjīta yogī kālo'sau yathā nāsyāphalo bhavet.
40.
jñātvā kālam ca tam samyak abhayasthānam āśritaḥ
yuñjīta yogī kālaḥ asau yathā na asya aphalaḥ bhavet
yuñjīta yogī kālaḥ asau yathā na asya aphalaḥ bhavet
40.
Having thoroughly understood that time (kāla), a yogi (yogin) who has taken refuge in a safe place should apply himself, so that that time does not become fruitless for him.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood
- कालम् (kālam) - time, season
- च (ca) - and, also
- तम् (tam) - that time (that)
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, completely, rightly
- अभयस्थानम् (abhayasthānam) - a place of safety, a safe abode, refuge
- आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on
- युञ्जीत (yuñjīta) - he should apply himself, he should engage, he should unite (in yoga)
- योगी (yogī) - a yogi, a practitioner of yoga
- कालः (kālaḥ) - time, season, period
- असौ (asau) - that time (that)
- यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as, just as
- न (na) - not, no
- अस्य (asya) - of the yogi (of him, his)
- अफलः (aphalaḥ) - fruitless, without result, ineffective
- भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be
Words meanings and morphology
ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From √jñā (to know) with suffix -tvā.
Root: jñā (class 9)
कालम् (kālam) - time, season
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, duration, period, season
Root: kal (class 1)
Note: The term kāla is kept in brackets in the English translation.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
तम् (tam) - that time (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it, he
Note: Refers to kālam.
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, completely, rightly
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form, from sam-√añc.
Root: añc (class 1)
अभयस्थानम् (abhayasthānam) - a place of safety, a safe abode, refuge
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of abhayasthāna
abhayasthāna - place of safety, refuge, safe spot
Compound of abhaya (fearless, safety) and sthāna (place).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhaya+sthāna)
- abhaya – fearless, safe, safety
adjective (neuter)
Compound of a- (negation) and bhaya (fear).
Prefix: a - sthāna – place, stand, abode
noun (neuter)
From √sthā (to stand).
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Object of āśritaḥ.
आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āśrita
āśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent, having approached
Past Passive Participle
From ā-√śri (to resort to, to depend on).
Prefix: ā
Root: śri (class 1)
Note: Acts as a predicate adjective modifying yogī.
युञ्जीत (yuñjīta) - he should apply himself, he should engage, he should unite (in yoga)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of yuñj
Optative mood, middle voice, 3rd person singular.
Root: yuj (class 7)
योगी (yogī) - a yogi, a practitioner of yoga
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yogin
yogin - a practitioner of yoga, an ascetic, a meditator
Agent noun from √yuj + -inin suffix.
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Subject of yuñjīta. The term yogin (yogi) is kept in brackets in the English translation.
कालः (kālaḥ) - time, season, period
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, duration, period, season
Root: kal (class 1)
Note: The term kāla is kept in brackets in the English translation.
असौ (asau) - that time (that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adas
adas - that (yonder), this
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Agrees with kālaḥ.
यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as, just as
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Particle of negation.
अस्य (asya) - of the yogi (of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
अफलः (aphalaḥ) - fruitless, without result, ineffective
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aphala
aphala - fruitless, unproductive, without result
Compound of a- (negation) and phala (fruit/result).
Compound type : nah-tatpuruṣa (a+phala)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - phala – fruit, result, consequence
noun (neuter)
Note: Predicate adjective for kālaḥ asau.
भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular.
Root: bhū (class 1)