मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-43, verse-41
दृष्ट्वारिष्टं तथा योगी त्यक्त्वा मरणजं भयम् ।
तत्स्वभावं तदालोक्य काले यावत्युपागतम् ॥४१॥
तत्स्वभावं तदालोक्य काले यावत्युपागतम् ॥४१॥
41. dṛṣṭvāriṣṭaṃ tathā yogī tyaktvā maraṇajaṃ bhayam .
tatsvabhāvaṃ tadālokya kāle yāvatyupāgatam.
tatsvabhāvaṃ tadālokya kāle yāvatyupāgatam.
41.
dṛṣṭvā ariṣṭam tathā yogī tyaktvā maraṇajam bhayam
tat svabhāvam tat ālokya kāle yāvati upāgatam
tat svabhāvam tat ālokya kāle yāvati upāgatam
41.
After observing the portent (ariṣṭa), the yogi (yogin), having thus abandoned the fear (bhaya) born of death, should perceive its intrinsic nature (dharma) in whatever time (kāla) it has arrived.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having observed
- अरिष्टम् (ariṣṭam) - an omen, a portent, an inauspicious sign
- तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, likewise
- योगी (yogī) - a yogi, a practitioner of yoga
- त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced
- मरणजम् (maraṇajam) - born of death, arising from death
- भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, terror
- तत् (tat) - its (the portent's) intrinsic nature (its, that)
- स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - intrinsic nature, one's own nature
- तत् (tat) - that, it
- आलोक्य (ālokya) - having perceived, having seen, having observed
- काले (kāle) - in time, at the proper time, at the right moment
- यावति (yāvati) - in whatever (measure of time), as much as, whenever
- उपागतम् (upāgatam) - approached, arrived, come, attained
Words meanings and morphology
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having observed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
अरिष्टम् (ariṣṭam) - an omen, a portent, an inauspicious sign
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ariṣṭa
ariṣṭa - safe, uninjured; also, misfortune, evil omen, portent
Past Passive Participle of √ṛṣ (to hurt) with a- prefix (negative particle).
Prefix: a
Root: ṛṣ (class 6)
Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā. The term ariṣṭa (portent) is kept in brackets in the English translation.
तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, likewise
(indeclinable)
योगी (yogī) - a yogi, a practitioner of yoga
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yogin
yogin - a practitioner of yoga, an ascetic, a meditator
Agent noun from √yuj + -inin suffix.
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Subject of the implied main verb. The term yogin (yogi) is kept in brackets in the English translation.
त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From √tyaj (to abandon) with suffix -tvā.
Root: tyaj (class 1)
मरणजम् (maraṇajam) - born of death, arising from death
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of maraṇaja
maraṇaja - born of death, caused by death
Compound of maraṇa (death) and ja (born).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maraṇa+ja)
- maraṇa – death, dying
noun (neuter)
From √mṛ (to die).
Root: mṛ (class 6) - ja – born, produced, caused by
adjective (masculine)
From √jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Modifies bhayam.
भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, terror
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya
bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension
From √bhī (to fear).
Root: bhī (class 3)
Note: Object of tyaktvā. The term bhaya is kept in brackets in the English translation.
तत् (tat) - its (the portent's) intrinsic nature (its, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it
Note: It functions as the first part of the compound tat-svabhāvam.
स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - intrinsic nature, one's own nature
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of svabhāva
svabhāva - intrinsic nature, inherent disposition, essential property
Compound of sva (own) and bhāva (being/state).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)
- sva – own, self
adjective (masculine) - bhāva – being, state, nature, disposition
noun (masculine)
From √bhū (to be).
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Object of ālokya. The term dharma (intrinsic nature) is used in the English translation, as preferred by instructions.
तत् (tat) - that, it
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it
Note: Refers to ariṣṭam or svabhāvam.
आलोक्य (ālokya) - having perceived, having seen, having observed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From ā-√lok (to look at, perceive) with suffix -ya.
Prefix: ā
Root: lok (class 10)
काले (kāle) - in time, at the proper time, at the right moment
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, duration, period, season
Root: kal (class 1)
Note: The term kāla is kept in brackets in the English translation.
यावति (yāvati) - in whatever (measure of time), as much as, whenever
(indeclinable)
Used adverbially or as an adjective. Here, as adjective modifying kāle.
Note: Functions as an adjective for kāle.
उपागतम् (upāgatam) - approached, arrived, come, attained
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upāgata
upāgata - approached, arrived, come, attained
Past Passive Participle
From upa-ā-√gam (to approach, arrive).
Prefixes: upa+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Refers to ariṣṭam.