महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-62, verse-68

आपृच्छे त्वां कुरुश्रेष्ठ मा च शोके मनः कृथाः ।
द्रौणेः पापोऽस्त्यभिप्रायस्तेनास्मि सहसोत्थितः ।
पाण्डवानां वधे रात्रौ बुद्धिस्तेन प्रदर्शिता ॥६८॥

68. āpṛcche tvāṁ kuruśreṣṭha mā ca śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ ,
drauṇeḥ pāpo'styabhiprāyastenāsmi sahasotthitaḥ ,
pāṇḍavānāṁ vadhe rātrau buddhistena pradarśitā.

68. āpṛcche tvām kuruśreṣṭha mā ca śoke
manaḥ kṛthāḥ drauṇeḥ pāpaḥ asti abhiprāyaḥ
tena asmi sahasā utthitaḥ pāṇḍavānām
vadhe rātrau buddhiḥ tena pradarśitā

68. kuruśreṣṭha! tvām āpṛcche.
ca śoke manaḥ mā kṛthāḥ.
drauṇeḥ pāpaḥ abhiprāyaḥ asti.
tena (aham) sahasā utthitaḥ asmi.
pāṇḍavānām vadhe rātrau tena buddhiḥ pradarśitā.

68. O best of Kurus, I bid you farewell. Do not let your mind succumb to grief. Droṇa's son has a wicked intention, and that is why I have risen so abruptly. A plan for the nocturnal slaughter of the Pāṇḍavas has been revealed by him.

Words meanings summery:

• आपृच्छे (āpṛcche) - I take leave, I ask permission, I bid farewell

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O best of Kurus

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• च (ca) - and

• शोके (śoke) - in grief, in sorrow

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should make, you should do (prohibitive injunctive)

• द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā)

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - wicked, sinful, evil

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• अभिप्रायः (abhiprāyaḥ) - intention, purpose, design

• तेन (tena) - by that (reason), for that reason

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, abruptly

• उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - risen, stood up

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• वधे (vadhe) - in the killing, for the slaughter

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, plan, resolve

• तेन (tena) - by him (Aśvatthāmā)

• प्रदर्शिता (pradarśitā) - shown, revealed, displayed

Words meanings and morphology

आपृच्छे (āpṛcche) - I take leave, I ask permission, I bid farewell

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āpṛcch

From root prach 'to ask' with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: ātmanepada form

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O best of Kurus

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best among the Kurus, chief of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (an ancient king, or his descendants, the Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शोके (śoke) - in grief, in sorrow

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow, lamentation

From root śuc 'to grieve'

Root: śuc (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

From root man 'to think'

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of kṛthāḥ

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should make, you should do (prohibitive injunctive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, injunctive (luṅ (with mā)) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Aorist ātmanepada form used as injunctive with mā for prohibition.

द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

Patronymic from Droṇa

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā

पापः (pāpaḥ) - wicked, sinful, evil

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, bad, sinful

Note: Qualifies abhiprāyaḥ

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अभिप्रायः (abhiprāyaḥ) - intention, purpose, design

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiprāya

abhiprāya - intention, purpose, meaning, design

From root i 'to go' with prefixes abhi- and pra-

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of asti

तेन (tena) - by that (reason), for that reason

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore, for that reason'

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, abruptly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form of sahas (strength) used as adverb

उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - risen, stood up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, awake

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā 'to stand' with prefix ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'I' (asmi)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

वधे (vadhe) - in the killing, for the slaughter

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaughter, slaying

From root vadh 'to strike, kill'

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Locative of purpose/context

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, plan, resolve

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, plan, intention

From root budh 'to know, perceive'

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Subject of pradarśitā

तेन (tena) - by him (Aśvatthāmā)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)

प्रदर्शिता (pradarśitā) - shown, revealed, displayed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pradarśita

pradarśita - shown, revealed, displayed, exhibited

Past Passive Participle

From root dṛś 'to see' (causative darśaya) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with buddhiḥ