महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-62, verse-52

एतच्च कदनं कृत्वा शत्रूणामपकारिणाम् ।
दह्यते स्म दिवारात्रं न च शर्माधिगच्छति ॥५२॥

52. etacca kadanaṁ kṛtvā śatrūṇāmapakāriṇām ,
dahyate sma divārātraṁ na ca śarmādhigacchati.

52. etat ca kadanam kṛtvā śatrūṇām apakāriṇām
dahyate sma divārātram na ca śarma adhigacchati

52. etat ca apakāriṇām śatrūṇām kadanam kṛtvā
divārātram dahyate sma ca śarma na adhigacchati

52. And having caused this destruction of the harmful enemies, he was tormented day and night and did not attain peace.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the preceding verse's content) (this, all this)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• कदनम् (kadanam) - destruction, slaughter (destruction, slaughter, battle, misery)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having caused, having done (having done, having made, having performed)

• शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of the enemies (of enemies)

• अपकारिणाम् (apakāriṇām) - of those who inflict injury (of those who injure, of those who harm, of malefactors)

• दह्यते (dahyate) - is tormented, keeps burning (with sma implying past iterative) (burns, is burnt, is tormented)

• स्म (sma) - indicates past continuous/iterative action (indeed, truly (used to indicate past tense with present verbs))

• दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• शर्म (śarma) - peace, happiness (peace, happiness, joy, well-being)

• अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains, finds (attains, obtains, comprehends, reaches)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the preceding verse's content) (this, all this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

कदनम् (kadanam) - destruction, slaughter (destruction, slaughter, battle, misery)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kadana

kadana - destruction, slaughter, battle, misery, lamentation

Note: Object of kṛtvā.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having caused, having done (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of the enemies (of enemies)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

अपकारिणाम् (apakāriṇām) - of those who inflict injury (of those who injure, of those who harm, of malefactors)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of apakārin

apakārin - injuring, harming, malefactor, enemy

Agent Noun (from root kṛ with upasarga apa)

Derived from apa-kṛ meaning to harm.

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दह्यते (dahyate) - is tormented, keeps burning (with sma implying past iterative) (burns, is burnt, is tormented)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dah

Present tense, 3rd person singular (passive voice)

From root dah (to burn).

Root: dah (class 1)

स्म (sma) - indicates past continuous/iterative action (indeed, truly (used to indicate past tense with present verbs))

(indeclinable)

दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night

(indeclinable)

Compound.

Compound type : dvandva (divā+rātra)

• divā – by day, in the daytime
  indeclinable
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

शर्म (śarma) - peace, happiness (peace, happiness, joy, well-being)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - peace, happiness, joy, refuge, protection

Note: Object of adhigacchati.

अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains, finds (attains, obtains, comprehends, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of adhigam

Present tense, 3rd person singular

From root gam (to go) with prefix adhi.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)