महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-62, verse-3
निहतेषु तु योधेषु हते दुर्योधने तथा ।
पृथिव्यां पाण्डवेयस्य निःसपत्ने कृते युधि ॥३॥
पृथिव्यां पाण्डवेयस्य निःसपत्ने कृते युधि ॥३॥
3. nihateṣu tu yodheṣu hate duryodhane tathā ,
pṛthivyāṁ pāṇḍaveyasya niḥsapatne kṛte yudhi.
pṛthivyāṁ pāṇḍaveyasya niḥsapatne kṛte yudhi.
3.
nihateṣu tu yodheṣu hate duryodhane tathā
pṛthivyām pāṇḍaveyasya niḥsapatne kṛte yudhi
pṛthivyām pāṇḍaveyasya niḥsapatne kṛte yudhi
3.
tu yodheṣu nihateṣu tathā duryodhane hate
yudhi pṛthivyām pāṇḍaveyasya niḥsapatne kṛte
yudhi pṛthivyām pāṇḍaveyasya niḥsapatne kṛte
3.
Indeed, when the warriors were slain, and Duryodhana was similarly killed, and the earth, through the war, had been made free of rivals for the Pandava (Yudhishthira)...
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निहतेषु (nihateṣu) - the warriors who were killed. (slain, killed, destroyed)
- तु (tu) - emphasizes the fact of the warriors being slain. (indeed, but, however)
- योधेषु (yodheṣu) - refe`rs to the multitude of warriors killed. (in/among the warriors)
- हते (hate) - Duryodhana being killed. (slain, killed)
- दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - The eldest Kaurava brother, killed in battle. (Duryodhana (proper name))
- तथा (tathā) - introduces another related event. (thus, so, similarly, and)
- पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - the entire earth. (on the earth)
- पाण्डवेयस्य (pāṇḍaveyasya) - for Yudhishthira (the Pandava king). (of the son of Pandu, of the Pandavas)
- निःसपत्ने (niḥsapatne) - describing the state of the earth. (without rivals, free from enemies)
- कृते (kṛte) - the earth having been made free of rivals. (made, done, performed)
- युधि (yudhi) - indicates the means or context of making the earth free of rivals. (in battle, in war)
Words meanings and morphology
निहतेषु (nihateṣu) - the warriors who were killed. (slain, killed, destroyed)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of nihata
nihata - killed, slain, destroyed
past passive participle
Past passive participle of root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni
Prefix: ni
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
तु (tu) - emphasizes the fact of the warriors being slain. (indeed, but, however)
(indeclinable)
Note: Postpositive particle.
योधेषु (yodheṣu) - refe`rs to the multitude of warriors killed. (in/among the warriors)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of yodha
yodha - warrior, fighter
Derived from root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with nihateṣu.
हते (hate) - Duryodhana being killed. (slain, killed)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of hata
hata - killed, struck, destroyed
past passive participle
Past passive participle of root han (to strike, kill)
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - The eldest Kaurava brother, killed in battle. (Duryodhana (proper name))
(proper noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana
duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight')
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+yodhana)
- dur – difficult, bad
indeclinable - yodhana – fighting, warrior
noun (masculine)
Derived from root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with hate.
तथा (tathā) - introduces another related event. (thus, so, similarly, and)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the killing of Duryodhana to that of other warriors.
पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - the entire earth. (on the earth)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī
pṛthivī - earth, ground
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
पाण्डवेयस्य (pāṇḍaveyasya) - for Yudhishthira (the Pandava king). (of the son of Pandu, of the Pandavas)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍaveya
pāṇḍaveya - son of Pandu, a Pandava
Patronymic from Paṇḍu
Note: Indicates possession or relation, 'for the benefit of the Pandava'.
निःसपत्ने (niḥsapatne) - describing the state of the earth. (without rivals, free from enemies)
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of niḥsapatna
niḥsapatna - without rivals, free from enemies
Compound of niḥ (without) + sapatna (rival)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+sapatna)
- nis – without, out, free from
indeclinable - sapatna – rival, enemy
noun (masculine)
Note: Describes pṛthivyām.
कृते (kṛte) - the earth having been made free of rivals. (made, done, performed)
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, accomplished
past passive participle
Past passive participle of root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
युधि (yudhi) - indicates the means or context of making the earth free of rivals. (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of yudh
yudh - battle, war, fight
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Can also be considered an adverbial locative meaning 'by means of battle'.