महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-62, verse-13

कथं दुःखमिदं तीव्रं गान्धारी प्रसहिष्यति ।
श्रुत्वा विनिहतं पुत्रं छलेनाजिह्मयोधिनम् ॥१३॥

13. kathaṁ duḥkhamidaṁ tīvraṁ gāndhārī prasahiṣyati ,
śrutvā vinihataṁ putraṁ chalenājihmayodhinam.

13. katham duḥkham idam tīvram gāndhārī prasahiṣyati
śrutvā vinihatam putram chalena ajihmayodhinam

13. gāndhārī katham idam tīvram duḥkham prasahiṣyati
ajihmayodhinam putram chalena vinihatam śrutvā

13. How will Gandhari endure this intense sorrow, having heard that her son, who fought fairly, was slain by deceit?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, misery, suffering

• इदम् (idam) - this

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe, sharp

• गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gandhari (name of Dhritarashtra's wife)

• प्रसहिष्यति (prasahiṣyati) - she will endure, she will bear

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - slain, killed

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• छलेन (chalena) - by deceit, by trickery

• अजिह्मयोधिनम् (ajihmayodhinam) - fighting fairly, one who fights without crookedness

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, misery, suffering

(noun)

neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, misery, pain

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe, sharp

(adjective)

neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, severe, sharp, violent

गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gandhari (name of Dhritarashtra's wife)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gandhari, mother of the Kauravas

प्रसहिष्यति (prasahiṣyati) - she will endure, she will bear

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of sah

Prefix: pra

Root: sah (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

विनिहतम् (vinihatam) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - killed, slain

past passive participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with upasargas vi and ni, and suffix -ta.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

छलेन (chalena) - by deceit, by trickery

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of chala

chala - deceit, trick, fraud

अजिह्मयोधिनम् (ajihmayodhinam) - fighting fairly, one who fights without crookedness

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajihmayodhin

ajihmayodhin - one who fights fairly, not crooked in battle

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jihma+yodhin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• jihma – crooked, deceitful, dishonest
  adjective
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight) with suffix -in. Also functions as an agent noun/adjective.
  Root: yudh (class 4)