महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-62, verse-58

दुर्योधनस्त्वया चोक्तो जयार्थी परुषं वचः ।
शृणु मूढ वचो मह्यं यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः ॥५८॥

58. duryodhanastvayā cokto jayārthī paruṣaṁ vacaḥ ,
śṛṇu mūḍha vaco mahyaṁ yato dharmastato jayaḥ.

58. duryodhanaḥ tvayā ca uktaḥ jaya-arthī paruṣam vacaḥ
śṛṇu mūḍha vacaḥ mahyam yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ jayaḥ

58. ca tvayā duryodhanaḥ jaya-arthī uktaḥ paruṣam vacaḥ (iti).
mūḍha mahyam vacaḥ śṛṇu: yataḥ dharmaḥ tataḥ jayaḥ.

58. You also spoke harsh words to Duryodhana, O seeker of victory: "Listen, O fool, to my words: where there is natural law (dharma), there is victory."

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• च (ca) - and, also

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, told

• जय-अर्थी (jaya-arthī) - O seeker of victory (vocative implied) (desiring victory, seeker of victory)

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• मूढ (mūḍha) - O fool (vocative) (foolish, bewildered, ignorant; a fool)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• मह्यम् (mahyam) - my (words) (to me, for me, my)

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, where, because

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, righteousness, duty

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, there, then

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, eldest of the Kauravas)

Prefix: dur

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'uktaḥ'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Duryodhanaḥ.

जय-अर्थी (jaya-arthī) - O seeker of victory (vocative implied) (desiring victory, seeker of victory)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya-arthin

jaya-arthin - desiring victory, seeking victory

Compound type : tatpurusha (jaya+arthin)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• arthin – seeking, desirous of, petitioner
  adjective (masculine)
  from artha
  Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Used as a vocative here, addressing Duryodhana.

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, stern

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, declaration

from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uktaḥ'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

मूढ (mūḍha) - O fool (vocative) (foolish, bewildered, ignorant; a fool)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, bewildered, ignorant; a fool

Past Passive Participle

from muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Addressing Duryodhana.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, declaration

from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

मह्यम् (mahyam) - my (words) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Here used possessively, 'my words'.

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, where, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with 'tataḥ'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, there, then

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with 'yataḥ'.

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Root: ji (class 1)