महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-26, verse-73

स रथः प्रययौ शत्रूञ्श्वेताश्वः शल्यसारथिः ।
निघ्नन्नमित्रान्समरे तमो घ्नन्सविता यथा ॥७३॥

73. sa rathaḥ prayayau śatrūñśvetāśvaḥ śalyasārathiḥ ,
nighnannamitrānsamare tamo ghnansavitā yathā.

73. saḥ rathaḥ prayayau śatrūn śvetāśvaḥ śalyasārathiḥ
nighnan amitrān samare tamaḥ ghnnan savitā yathā

73. saḥ rathaḥ śvetāśvaḥ śalyasārathiḥ samare amitrān nighnan śatrūn prayayau,
yathā savitā tamaḥ ghnnan.

73. That chariot, with its white horses and Shalya as charioteer, proceeded against the enemies in battle, striking down foes, just as the sun destroys darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - proceeded, went forth

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies, foes

• श्वेताश्वः (śvetāśvaḥ) - having white horses, white-horsed

• शल्यसारथिः (śalyasārathiḥ) - having Shalya as charioteer

• निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down, destroying, killing

• अमित्रान् (amitrān) - foes, enemies

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

• घ्न्नन् (ghnnan) - destroying, killing, striking

• सविता (savitā) - the sun, impeller, generator

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

प्रययौ (prayayau) - proceeded, went forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies, foes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

श्वेताश्वः (śvetāśvaḥ) - having white horses, white-horsed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvetāśva

śvetāśva - having white horses, white-horsed

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'one whose horses are white'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śveta+aśva)

• śveta – white, bright
  adjective (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

शल्यसारथिः (śalyasārathiḥ) - having Shalya as charioteer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalyasārathi

śalyasārathi - one whose charioteer is Shalya

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śalya+sārathi)

• śalya – Shalya (a king, brother of Madri)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sārathi – charioteer
  noun (masculine)

निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down, destroying, killing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ni-han

ni-han - to strike down, destroy, kill

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Present Active Participle

अमित्रान् (amitrān) - foes, enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of amitra

amitra - enemy, foe (lit. not a friend)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, conflict, war

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

घ्न्नन् (ghnnan) - destroying, killing, striking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of han

han - to strike, kill, destroy

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Present Active Participle (stem ghnat)

सविता (savitā) - the sun, impeller, generator

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savitṛ

savitṛ - the sun; impeller, generator, enlivener

Root: sū (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)