महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-26, verse-61

इति रणरभसस्य कत्थतस्तदुपनिशम्य वचः स मद्रराट् ।
अवहसदवमन्य वीर्यवान्प्रतिषिषिधे च जगाद चोत्तरम् ॥६१॥

61. iti raṇarabhasasya katthata;stadupaniśamya vacaḥ sa madrarāṭ ,
avahasadavamanya vīryavā;npratiṣiṣidhe ca jagāda cottaram.

61. iti raṇarabhasasya katthataḥ
tat upaniśamya vacaḥ saḥ madrarāṭ
avahasaṭ avamanya vīryavān
pratiṣiṣidhe ca jagāda ca uttaram

61. iti raṇarabhasasya katthataḥ
tat vacaḥ upaniśamya saḥ vīryavān
madrarāṭ avahasaṭ avamanya
pratiṣiṣidhe ca uttaram jagāda ca

61. Hearing these words from him, who was boasting with battle-fury, that mighty king of Madras (Shalya) laughed contemptuously, restrained him, and gave a reply.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (referring to the preceding boast) (thus, so, in this manner, here)

• रणरभसस्य (raṇarabhasasya) - of Karna, who was impetuous and boastful in battle (of the one eager for battle, of the one impetuous in war)

• कत्थतः (katthataḥ) - of him who was boasting (of one boasting, from boasting)

• तत् (tat) - his (Karna's) (that, his)

• उपनिशम्य (upaniśamya) - having heard (Karna's words) (having heard, having listened)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - Karna's words (word, speech)

• सः (saḥ) - that (Shalya) (he, that one)

• मद्ररट् (madraraṭ) - Shalya, the king of Madra (king of Madra)

• अवहसट् (avahasaṭ) - Shalya laughed (contemptuously) (he laughed)

• अवमन्य (avamanya) - having scorned (Karna's words/boasting) (having scorned, having disdained)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - the mighty (Shalya) (powerful, valorous, mighty)

• प्रतिषिषिधे (pratiṣiṣidhe) - Shalya restrained (Karna) (he restrained, he prohibited)

• च (ca) - and

• जगाद (jagāda) - Shalya spoke (he spoke, he said)

• च (ca) - and

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - a reply (to Karna's boasting) (reply, answer)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (referring to the preceding boast) (thus, so, in this manner, here)

(indeclinable)

रणरभसस्य (raṇarabhasasya) - of Karna, who was impetuous and boastful in battle (of the one eager for battle, of the one impetuous in war)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of raṇarabhasa

raṇarabhasa - impetuosity in battle, battle-fury

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+rabhasa)

• raṇa – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
• rabhasa – impetuosity, vehemence, fury, eagerness
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as an adjective in genitive singular, 'of the one characterized by battle-fury'.

कत्थतः (katthataḥ) - of him who was boasting (of one boasting, from boasting)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of katthat

katthat - boasting, bragging

present active participle

Derived from root √katth (to boast, to brag) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: katth (class 1)

Note: Genitive singular of the present active participle 'katthat'.

तत् (tat) - his (Karna's) (that, his)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'vacaḥ'.

उपनिशम्य (upaniśamya) - having heard (Karna's words) (having heard, having listened)

(indeclinable participle)

वचः (vacaḥ) - Karna's words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Also nominative singular neuter, but contextually accusative as object of upaniśamya.

सः (saḥ) - that (Shalya) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, it

Note: Refers to 'madraraṭ'.

मद्ररट् (madraraṭ) - Shalya, the king of Madra (king of Madra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāj

madrarāj - king of Madra, sovereign of Madra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāj)

• madra – name of an ancient kingdom and its people
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāj – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative singular form of rājan/rāj.

अवहसट् (avahasaṭ) - Shalya laughed (contemptuously) (he laughed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avahas

imperfect

Imperfect third person singular, active voice. Derived from root √has (to laugh) with upasarga ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: has (class 1)

अवमन्य (avamanya) - having scorned (Karna's words/boasting) (having scorned, having disdained)

(indeclinable participle)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - the mighty (Shalya) (powerful, valorous, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, strong, valorous, heroic

Possessive adjective formed with -vat suffix from 'vīrya' (valor).

Note: Agrees with 'madraraṭ' and 'saḥ'.

प्रतिषिषिधे (pratiṣiṣidhe) - Shalya restrained (Karna) (he restrained, he prohibited)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of pratiṣidh

perfect

Perfect tense, third person singular, middle voice. Derived from root √sidh (to ward off) with upasarga prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: sidh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

जगाद (jagāda) - Shalya spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gad

perfect

Perfect tense, third person singular, active voice. Derived from root √gad (to speak).

Root: gad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - a reply (to Karna's boasting) (reply, answer)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - answer, reply; north; later, superior

Note: Also nominative singular neuter, but contextually accusative as object of jagāda.