महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-26, verse-23

प्रतिगृह्य तु तद्वाक्यं रथस्थो रथसत्तमः ।
अभ्यभाषत राधेयः शल्यं युद्धविशारदम् ॥२३॥

23. pratigṛhya tu tadvākyaṁ rathastho rathasattamaḥ ,
abhyabhāṣata rādheyaḥ śalyaṁ yuddhaviśāradam.

23. pratigṛhya tu tat vākyam rathasthaḥ rathasattamaḥ
abhyabhāṣata rādheyaḥ śalyam yuddhaviśāradam

23. tu rādheyaḥ rathasthaḥ rathasattamaḥ tat vākyam
pratigṛhya yuddhaviśāradam śalyam abhyabhāṣata

23. But having received that statement, Radheya (Karna), who was stationed on his chariot and was the best among charioteers (rathasattama), spoke to Salya, who was expert in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - Referring to Salya's statement. (that)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech, sentence

• रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - standing on a chariot, chariot-borne

• रथसत्तमः (rathasattamaḥ) - best of charioteers

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

• राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Refers to Karna. (Radheya (Karna, son of Radha))

• शल्यम् (śalyam) - Referring to King Salya, Karna's charioteer. (Salya (name of a king))

• युद्धविशारदम् (yuddhaviśāradam) - expert in battle, skilled in warfare

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root gṛh with prati prefix and lyap suffix.

Prefix: prati

Root: gṛh (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle

तत् (tat) - Referring to Salya's statement. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, statement, sentence

Derived from vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - standing on a chariot, chariot-borne

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing on a chariot, chariot-borne

Formed from ratha and root sthā (to stand).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• stha – standing, situated, being in
  adjectival suffix (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

रथसत्तमः (rathasattamaḥ) - best of charioteers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathasattama

rathasattama - best among charioteers, most excellent charioteer

Superlative form using sattama (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• sattama – best, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix tama.

Note: Describes Radheya.

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice. Upasarga abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Refers to Karna. (Radheya (Karna, son of Radha))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Radha, Karna

Patronymic from Radha.

Note: Subject of the verb abhyabhāṣata.

शल्यम् (śalyam) - Referring to King Salya, Karna's charioteer. (Salya (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Salya (name of a king); dart, arrow

Note: Object of the verb abhyabhāṣata.

युद्धविशारदम् (yuddhaviśāradam) - expert in battle, skilled in warfare

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuddhaviśārada

yuddhaviśārada - expert in battle, skilled in warfare

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+viśārada)

• yuddha – battle, war, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from yudh)
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, clever, accomplished
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śrad