महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-60, verse-77

विनदन्तो महात्मानः कम्पयन्तश्च मेदिनीम् ।
घट्टयन्तश्च मर्माणि तव पुत्रस्य मारिष ।
प्रयाताः शिबिरायैव निशाकाले परंतपाः ॥७७॥

77. vinadanto mahātmānaḥ kampayantaśca medinīm ,
ghaṭṭayantaśca marmāṇi tava putrasya māriṣa ,
prayātāḥ śibirāyaiva niśākāle paraṁtapāḥ.

77. vinadantaḥ mahātmānaḥ kampayantaḥ
ca medinīm ghaṭṭayantaḥ ca
marmāṇi tava putrasya māriṣa prayātāḥ
śibirāya eva niśākāle paraṃtapāḥ

77. māriṣa paraṃtapāḥ mahātmānaḥ
vinadantaḥ ca medinīm kampayantaḥ ca
tava putrasya marmāṇi ghaṭṭayantaḥ
niśākāle śibirāya eva prayātāḥ

77. O venerable one, O tormentor of foes, the great-souled warriors, roaring loudly, shaking the earth, and striking at the vital points of your son (Duryodhana), departed to their camp when night fell.

Words meanings summery:

• विनदन्तः (vinadantaḥ) - roaring loudly (roaring, sounding loudly, shouting)

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - the great-souled warriors (great-souled, noble, magnanimous ones)

• कम्पयन्तः (kampayantaḥ) - shaking (the earth) (shaking, causing to tremble)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

• घट्टयन्तः (ghaṭṭayantaḥ) - striking at (the vital parts) (striking, shaking, disturbing, molesting)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital points (vital parts, vulnerable points)

• तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your (genitive of tvad))

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son, a son's)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O venerable one, O respected one)

• प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed (departed, gone forth)

• शिबिराय (śibirāya) - to their camp (to the camp, for the camp)

• एव (eva) - indeed, directly (indeed, just, only)

• निशाकाले (niśākāle) - when night fell, at night (at night time, in the evening)

• परंतपाः (paraṁtapāḥ) - O tormentor of foes (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

विनदन्तः (vinadantaḥ) - roaring loudly (roaring, sounding loudly, shouting)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinadat

vinadat - roaring, sounding, shouting

Present Active Participle

From root 'nad' (to roar, sound) with prefix 'vi' and 'śatṛ' suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for the implied subject.

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - the great-souled warriors (great-souled, noble, magnanimous ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded, magnanimous (referring to ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कम्पयन्तः (kampayantaḥ) - shaking (the earth) (shaking, causing to tremble)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kampayat

kampayat - shaking, causing to tremble, agitating

Present Active Participle (causative)

From causative stem of root 'kamp' (to tremble) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for the implied subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - earth, ground, soil

Root: mid

Note: Object of 'kampayantaḥ'.

घट्टयन्तः (ghaṭṭayantaḥ) - striking at (the vital parts) (striking, shaking, disturbing, molesting)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghaṭṭayat

ghaṭṭayat - striking, shaking, molesting, disturbing

Present Active Participle (causative)

From causative stem of root 'ghaṭṭ' (to shake, stir) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: ghaṭṭ (class 10)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for the implied subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital points (vital parts, vulnerable points)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of marman

marman - vital part, vulnerable point (in the body), secret spot, weak point

Root: mṛ (class 6)

तव (tava) - your (Dhritarashtra's) (your (genitive of tvad))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Modifies 'putrasya'.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son, a son's)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Possessive, indicating whose vital parts.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O venerable one, O respected one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable, respectable, O venerable one (vocative)

Root: mṛ

Note: Term of address.

प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed (departed, gone forth)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, proceeded, gone

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Functions as the main verb.

शिबिराय (śibirāya) - to their camp (to the camp, for the camp)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of śibira

śibira - camp, encampment, military station

एव (eva) - indeed, directly (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

निशाकाले (niśākāle) - when night fell, at night (at night time, in the evening)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niśākāla

niśākāla - night-time, evening

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+kāla)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
  Root: niś
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal

Note: Indicates time.

परंतपाः (paraṁtapāḥ) - O tormentor of foes (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormenting enemies, oppressing foes, a conqueror of enemies

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (param+tapa)

• para – enemy, foe, other, ultimate
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• tapa – heat, pain, penance, tormenting
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  From root 'tap' (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Term of address.