महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-60, verse-17

सोऽपविध्य धनुश्छिन्नं क्रोधेन प्रज्वलन्निव ।
अन्यत्कार्मुकमादत्त सत्वरं वेगवत्तरम् ॥१७॥

17. so'pavidhya dhanuśchinnaṁ krodhena prajvalanniva ,
anyatkārmukamādatta satvaraṁ vegavattaram.

17. saḥ apavidhya dhanuḥ chinnaṃ krodhena prajvalan
iva anyat kārmukam ādatta satvaraṃ vegavattaram

17. saḥ chinnaṃ dhanuḥ apavidhya,
krodhena prajvalan iva,
satvaraṃ vegavattaram anyat kārmukam ādatta.

17. Having thrown down his cut bow, he, as if blazing with anger, swiftly took another, more powerful bow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - refers to the king whose bow was cut (e.g., Duryodhana) (he, that)

• अपविध्य (apavidhya) - having thrown away, having cast aside

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• छिन्नं (chinnaṁ) - cut, severed, broken

• क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with anger

• प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - blazing, burning brightly

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

• कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

• आदत्त (ādatta) - took, seized

• सत्वरं (satvaraṁ) - quickly, swiftly

• वेगवत्तरम् (vegavattaram) - swifter, more powerful

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - refers to the king whose bow was cut (e.g., Duryodhana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

अपविध्य (apavidhya) - having thrown away, having cast aside

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'vidh' with 'apa' prefix and 'lyap' suffix, indicating a preceding action.

Prefix: apa

Root: vidh (class 6)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of 'apavidhya'.

छिन्नं (chinnaṁ) - cut, severed, broken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, severed, broken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'chid'.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Describes dhanuḥ.

क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with anger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the emotion or state.

प्रज्वलन् (prajvalan) - blazing, burning brightly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajvalat

prajvalat - blazing, burning brightly, inflamed

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'jval' with 'pra' prefix.

Prefix: pra

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Describes the implied subject (the king).

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms a simile with prajvalan.

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Describes kārmukam.

कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow

Note: Object of 'ādatta'.

आदत्त (ādatta) - took, seized

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ā-dā

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect middle. With prefix 'ā', means 'to take' or 'to receive'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

सत्वरं (satvaraṁ) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage describing the action of taking the bow.

वेगवत्तरम् (vegavattaram) - swifter, more powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vegavattara

vegavattara - swifter, more powerful

Comparative degree of 'vegavat' (swift, powerful), formed with the suffix '-tara'.

Note: Describes kārmukam.