महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-60, verse-61

ते त्वरध्वं महावीर्याः किं चिरेण प्रयामहे ।
महान्हि वर्तते रौद्रः संग्रामो लोमहर्षणः ॥६१॥

61. te tvaradhvaṁ mahāvīryāḥ kiṁ cireṇa prayāmahe ,
mahānhi vartate raudraḥ saṁgrāmo lomaharṣaṇaḥ.

61. te tvaradhvam mahāvīryāḥ kim cireṇa prayāmahe
mahān hi vartate raudraḥ saṅgrāmaḥ lomaharṣaṇaḥ

61. mahāvīryāḥ te tvaradhvam kim cireṇa prayāmahe
hi mahān raudraḥ lomaharṣaṇaḥ saṅgrāmaḥ vartate

61. O greatly valorous ones, hasten! Why should we delay? For indeed, a great, terrible, hair-raising battle is taking place.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - you (plural, referring to the valorous ones, nominative) (you (plural, nominative), to you (plural, dative/genitive))

• त्वरध्वम् (tvaradhvam) - hasten (hasten, hurry (2nd person plural middle imperative))

• महावीर्याः (mahāvīryāḥ) - O greatly valorous ones (O greatly valorous ones, those of great heroism (masculine vocative plural))

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

• चिरेण (cireṇa) - by delay (by delay, after a long time (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

• प्रयामहे (prayāmahe) - we should delay/proceed (with delay), implying 'why are we delaying?' (we delay, we proceed slowly, we stop (1st person plural middle present))

• महान् (mahān) - great (great, large (masculine nominative singular))

• हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• वर्तते (vartate) - is taking place, is going on (is, exists, happens, turns (3rd person singular middle present))

• रौद्रः (raudraḥ) - terrible (terrible, fierce, dreadful (masculine nominative singular))

• सङ्ग्रामः (saṅgrāmaḥ) - battle (battle, war, conflict (masculine nominative singular))

• लोमहर्षणः (lomaharṣaṇaḥ) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, terrifying (masculine nominative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - you (plural, referring to the valorous ones, nominative) (you (plural, nominative), to you (plural, dative/genitive))

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of tvad

tvad - you (plural)

Enclitic form of 2nd person plural pronoun.

Note: Subject of the imperative 'tvaradhvam'.

त्वरध्वम् (tvaradhvam) - hasten (hasten, hurry (2nd person plural middle imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, present imperative (loṭ) of tvar

Present Middle

2nd person plural, present tense, imperative mood, middle voice.

Root: tvar (class 1)

महावीर्याः (mahāvīryāḥ) - O greatly valorous ones (O greatly valorous ones, those of great heroism (masculine vocative plural))

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, plural of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great valor, very powerful, greatly heroic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• vīrya – valor, heroism, strength, energy
  noun (neuter)

किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

चिरेण (cireṇa) - by delay (by delay, after a long time (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of cira

cira - long (duration), old, ancient

Note: 'by means of delay'.

प्रयामहे (prayāmahe) - we should delay/proceed (with delay), implying 'why are we delaying?' (we delay, we proceed slowly, we stop (1st person plural middle present))

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of pra-yā

Present Middle

1st person plural, present tense, middle voice, indicative mood. Root yā (to go) with pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

महान् (mahān) - great (great, large (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive

Present active participle stem used as an adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saṅgrāmaḥ'.

हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

वर्तते (vartate) - is taking place, is going on (is, exists, happens, turns (3rd person singular middle present))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice, indicative mood.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

रौद्रः (raudraḥ) - terrible (terrible, fierce, dreadful (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raudra

raudra - terrible, fierce, dreadful, Shiva-like

From Rudra.

Root: rud (class 2)

सङ्ग्रामः (saṅgrāmaḥ) - battle (battle, war, conflict (masculine nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, conflict, assembly

Compound formed from 'sam' (together) and 'grāma' (host, multitude).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+grāma)

• sam – together, completely
  indeclinable
• grāma – assemblage, host, multitude, village
  noun (masculine)

लोमहर्षणः (lomaharṣaṇaḥ) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, terrifying (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, causing goosebumps, thrilling, terrifying

Agent noun/adjective

From loman (hair) + harṣaṇa (causing thrill/erection). Causative of hṛṣ (to thrill/erect).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair, down, wool
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing joy/thrill/erection, terrifying
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Causative Noun/Adjective
  Derived from causative of root hṛṣ (to rejoice, be thrilled)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)