महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-60, verse-43

स चोदितो मदस्रावी भगदत्तेन वारणः ।
अभ्यधावत तान्सर्वान्कालोत्सृष्ट इवान्तकः ।
द्विगुणं जवमास्थाय कम्पयंश्चरणैर्महीम् ॥४३॥

43. sa codito madasrāvī bhagadattena vāraṇaḥ ,
abhyadhāvata tānsarvānkālotsṛṣṭa ivāntakaḥ ,
dviguṇaṁ javamāsthāya kampayaṁścaraṇairmahīm.

43. saḥ coditaḥ madastrāvī bhagadattena
vāraṇaḥ abhyadhāvata tān sarvān kāla
utsṛṣṭaḥ iva antakaḥ dviguṇam
javam āsthāya kampayan caraṇaiḥ mahīm

43. bhagadattena coditaḥ saḥ madastrāvī
vāraṇaḥ kāla utsṛṣṭaḥ antakaḥ iva
dviguṇam javam āsthāya caraṇaiḥ mahīm
kampayan tān sarvān abhyadhāvata

43. Impelled by Bhagadatta, that ichor-exuding elephant charged at all of them, like Death (Antaka) unleashed by Time, having adopted double its speed and making the earth tremble with its feet.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the elephant) (he, that)

• चोदितः (coditaḥ) - urged, impelled, commanded

• मदस्त्रावी (madastrāvī) - ichor-exuding, in rut (elephant)

• भगदत्तेन (bhagadattena) - by Bhagadatta

• वारणः (vāraṇaḥ) - elephant, war elephant

• अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - rushed towards, charged

• तान् (tān) - all the warriors (them)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all the warriors (all, every)

• काल (kāla) - time, destiny

• उत्सृष्टः (utsṛṣṭaḥ) - unleashed, released, abandoned

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Death, Yama

• द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - double, twofold

• जवम् (javam) - speed, swiftness

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken, having adopted, having resorted to

• कम्पयन् (kampayan) - causing to tremble, shaking

• चरणैः (caraṇaiḥ) - with feet, by feet

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, ground

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the elephant) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चोदितः (coditaḥ) - urged, impelled, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of codita

codita - urged, impelled, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From root 'cud' (to urge, impel)

Root: cud (class 1)

मदस्त्रावी (madastrāvī) - ichor-exuding, in rut (elephant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madastrāvin

madastrāvin - ichor-exuding

Compound type : tatpurusha (mada+strāvin)

• mada – ichor, rut, intoxication
  noun (masculine)
• strāvin – dripping, exuding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from root 'sru' (to flow)
  Root: sru (class 1)

भगदत्तेन (bhagadattena) - by Bhagadatta

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of Bhagadatta

Bhagadatta - Bhagadatta (name of a king)

वारणः (vāraṇaḥ) - elephant, war elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, war elephant, protection

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, restrain)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - rushed towards, charged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dhāv

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

तान् (tān) - all the warriors (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all the warriors (all, every)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

काल (kāla) - time, destiny

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, destiny, death

Note: Part of a compound-like comparison 'kāla utsṛṣṭaḥ antakaḥ'

उत्सृष्टः (utsṛṣṭaḥ) - unleashed, released, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utsṛṣṭa

utsṛṣṭa - unleashed, released, abandoned, given up

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sṛj' with upasarga 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: sṛj (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Death, Yama

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - finisher, destroyer, Death, Yama

From root 'ant' (to end) with suffix 'ka'

Root: ant

द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - double, twofold

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - double, twofold, twice as much

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, factor
  noun (masculine)

जवम् (javam) - speed, swiftness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, quickness

From root 'jū' (to be quick)

Root: jū (class 1)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken, having adopted, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'sthā' with upasarga 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

कम्पयन् (kampayan) - causing to tremble, shaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kampayant

kampayant - causing to tremble, shaking

Present Active Participle

From causative root 'kamp' (to cause to tremble)

Root: kamp (class 10)

चरणैः (caraṇaiḥ) - with feet, by feet

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of caraṇa

caraṇa - foot, leg

From root 'car' (to move, walk)

Root: car (class 1)

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land