महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-60, verse-21

ततस्तु तुमुलां वृष्टिं शस्त्राणां तिग्मतेजसाम् ।
पातयामासुरव्यग्राः पुत्रस्य तव मूर्धनि ॥२१॥

21. tatastu tumulāṁ vṛṣṭiṁ śastrāṇāṁ tigmatejasām ,
pātayāmāsuravyagrāḥ putrasya tava mūrdhani.

21. tataḥ tu tumulām vṛṣṭim śastrāṇām tigmatejasām
pātayām āsuḥ avyagrāḥ putrasya tava mūrdhani

21. tataḥ tu avyagrāḥ tava putrasya mūrdhani
tigmatejasām śastrāṇām tumulām vṛṣṭim pātayām āsuḥ

21. Then, undaunted, they unleashed a tremendous shower of sharp-edged weapons upon your son's head.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, moreover (particle))

• तुमुलाम् (tumulām) - tremendous (tumultuous, dreadful, mighty, noisy)

• वृष्टिम् (vṛṣṭim) - shower (of weapons) (rain, shower, fall)

• शस्त्राणाम् (śastrāṇām) - of weapons (of weapons, of arms)

• तिग्मतेजसाम् (tigmatejasām) - of sharp-edged (weapons) (of sharp-edged, keen, fierce (things))

• पातयाम् (pātayām) - causing to fall

• आसुः (āsuḥ) - they (did) (they were, they became)

• अव्यग्राः (avyagrāḥ) - undaunted (unagitated, intent, undaunted, steady)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, of you)

• मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head (on the head, in the highest part)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, moreover (particle))

(indeclinable)

तुमुलाम् (tumulām) - tremendous (tumultuous, dreadful, mighty, noisy)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, dreadful, mighty, agitated, noisy

Note: Modifies `vṛṣṭim`.

वृष्टिम् (vṛṣṭim) - shower (of weapons) (rain, shower, fall)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛṣṭi

vṛṣṭi - rain, shower, falling; a shower of anything

From root √vṛṣ (to rain, pour)

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of `pātayāmāsuḥ`.

शस्त्राणाम् (śastrāṇām) - of weapons (of weapons, of arms)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of śastra

śastra - weapon, arm, sword; iron

From root √śaṃs (to cut, to slay)

Root: śas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `vṛṣṭim` as a shower of weapons.

तिग्मतेजसाम् (tigmatejasām) - of sharp-edged (weapons) (of sharp-edged, keen, fierce (things))

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tigmatejas

tigmatejas - sharp-edged, keen, fierce in energy

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tigma+tejas)

• tigma – sharp, keen, fierce, hot
  adjective (neuter)
• tejas – sharpness, brilliance, energy, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `śastrāṇām`.

पातयाम् (pātayām) - causing to fall

(verb)

active

Causative stem, then suffix `ām` for periphrastic perfect.

Causative stem of √pat (to fall). Part of the periphrastic perfect 'pātayām āsuḥ'.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: First part of the periphrastic perfect `pātayām āsuḥ`.

आसुः (āsuḥ) - they (did) (they were, they became)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of as

Perfect (Lit-lakāra)

Third person plural active. Auxiliary verb in periphrastic perfect.

Root: as (class 2)

अव्यग्राः (avyagrāḥ) - undaunted (unagitated, intent, undaunted, steady)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avyagra

avyagra - unagitated, steady, calm, intent, not distracted

`a` (negation) + `vyagra` (agitated)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyagra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vyagra – agitated, perplexed, busy
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍava warriors.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Possessive.

तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the narrator's interlocutor).

मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head (on the head, in the highest part)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, summit, top

Note: Indicates location.