महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-60, verse-64

तान्प्रयातान्समालोक्य युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः ।
पाञ्चालाः पाण्डवैः सार्धं पृष्ठतोऽनुययुः परान् ॥६४॥

64. tānprayātānsamālokya yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ ,
pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdhaṁ pṛṣṭhato'nuyayuḥ parān.

64. tān prayātān samālokya yudhiṣṭhirapurōgamāḥ
pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdham pṛṣṭhataḥ anuyayuḥ parān

64. yudhiṣṭhirapurōgamāḥ pāñcālāḥ,
pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdham,
tān prayātān samālokya,
pṛṣṭhataḥ parān anuyayuḥ

64. Seeing those (kings) advancing, the Panchalas, led by Yudhishthira, along with the Pandavas, followed their enemies from behind.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• प्रयातान् (prayātān) - those who had advanced, advancing ones

• समालोक्य (samālokya) - having seen, having observed

• युधिष्ठिरपुर्ओगमाः (yudhiṣṭhirapurōgamāḥ) - headed by Yudhishthira

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, in the rear

• अनुययुः (anuyayuḥ) - they followed, went after

• परान् (parān) - the enemies, the others

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, him, them

प्रयातान् (prayātān) - those who had advanced, advancing ones

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, advanced, departed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

समालोक्य (samālokya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root lok with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: lok (class 10)

युधिष्ठिरपुर्ओगमाः (yudhiṣṭhirapurōgamāḥ) - headed by Yudhishthira

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhirapurōgama

yudhiṣṭhirapurōgama - having Yudhishthira as leader

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhiṣṭhira+purōgama)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhishthira (the eldest of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• purōgama – going before, leading, chief
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: puras
  Root: gam (class 1)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native or king of the Pañcāla country

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pandu (the Pandavas)

Patronymic from Pandu

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, in the rear

(indeclinable)

Derived from pṛṣṭha (back) with suffix -tas

अनुययुः (anuyayuḥ) - they followed, went after

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (Lit) of anuyā

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

परान् (parān) - the enemies, the others

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, enemy, opposite