योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-29, verse-138

तस्मात्स्वप्नपुराकारं यदिदं भासते जगत् ।
तत्र चिद्व्योममात्रात्मन्यन्यता नाम का कुतः ॥ १३८ ॥

tasmātsvapnapurākāraṃ yadidaṃ bhāsate jagat ,
tatra cidvyomamātrātmanyanyatā nāma kā kutaḥ 138

138. tasmāt svapnapurākāram yat idam bhāsate jagat
tatra cidvyomamātrātmani anyatā nāma kā kutaḥ

138. tasmāt yat idam jagat svapnapurākāram bhāsate
tatra cidvyomamātrātmani anyatā nāma kā kutaḥ

138. Therefore, concerning this world which appears like a dream city, what otherness (anyatā) could there possibly be, and from where would it arise, within the essential nature of mere consciousness-ether (cidvyomamātra)?

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, from it

• स्वप्नपुराकारम् (svapnapurākāram) - having the form of a dream city, resembling a city in a dream

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• इदम् (idam) - this (world) (this, this one)

• भासते (bhāsate) - shines, appears, becomes manifest

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

• तत्र (tatra) - in that (context of the world appearing like a dream city) (there, in that, in that case)

• चिद्व्योममात्रात्मनि (cidvyomamātrātmani) - in the essential nature of mere consciousness-ether, in the Self which is merely the ether of consciousness

• अन्यता (anyatā) - otherness, difference, distinctness

• नाम (nāma) - emphasizes the rhetorical question (indeed, by name, forsooth, as it were)

• का (kā) - what (otherness) (who, what (feminine))

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, how

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, from it

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Indicates cause or reason, 'because of that'.

स्वप्नपुराकारम् (svapnapurākāram) - having the form of a dream city, resembling a city in a dream

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svapnapurākāra

svapnapurākāra - having the form of a dream city, resembling a city in a dream

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svapna+pura+ākāra)

• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• pura – city, town, stronghold
  noun (neuter)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, semblance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'jagat'.

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that which

Note: Refers to 'jagat'.

इदम् (idam) - this (world) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Modifies 'jagat'.

भासते (bhāsate) - shines, appears, becomes manifest

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhās

Present indicative (ātmanepada)

Root 'bhās' (Dhātupāṭha, I.Ā.).

Root: bhās (class 1)

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present active participle

Originally from root 'gam' (to go) with intensive reduplication 'jangam', then shortened to 'jagat'. Used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhāsate'.

तत्र (tatra) - in that (context of the world appearing like a dream city) (there, in that, in that case)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun 'tad' + suffix '-tra'.

Note: Refers to the context established by the first half of the verse.

चिद्व्योममात्रात्मनि (cidvyomamātrātmani) - in the essential nature of mere consciousness-ether, in the Self which is merely the ether of consciousness

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of cidvyomamātrātman

cidvyomamātrātman - the Self which is merely the ether of consciousness

Compound type : karmadhāraya (cit+vyoman+mātra+ātman)

• cit – consciousness, intelligence, spirit
  noun (feminine)
• vyoman – sky, ether, atmosphere, space
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – mere, only, consisting only of
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, essence, (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Locative case, indicating location or sphere.

अन्यता (anyatā) - otherness, difference, distinctness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anyatā

anyatā - otherness, difference, distinctness

Derived from 'anya' (other) with suffix '-tā' (abstract noun).

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.

नाम (nāma) - emphasizes the rhetorical question (indeed, by name, forsooth, as it were)

(indeclinable)

From 'nāman' (name).

का (kā) - what (otherness) (who, what (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun for 'anyatā'.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, how

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun 'kim' + suffix '-tas'.

Note: Interrogative, asking about the source of difference.

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