योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-29, verse-50

विवेकधैर्यहीनेन स्वाहंकारमहोत्सवः ।
मूर्खेणालम्बितो येन नष्टमेवाशु विद्धि तम् ॥ ५० ॥

vivekadhairyahīnena svāhaṃkāramahotsavaḥ ,
mūrkheṇālambito yena naṣṭamevāśu viddhi tam 50

50. viveka-dhairya-hīnena svāhaṅkāra-mahotsavaḥ
mūrkheṇa ālambitaḥ yena naṣṭam eva āśu viddhi tam

50. yena mūrkheṇa viveka-dhairya-hīnena
svāhaṅkāra-mahotsavaḥ ālambitaḥ tam āśu naṣṭam eva viddhi

50. Know that person to be swiftly ruined, by whom, a fool devoid of discernment (viveka) and fortitude (dhairya), a great celebration of their own ego (ahaṅkāra) has been embraced.

Words meanings summery:

• विवेक-धैर्य-हीनेन (viveka-dhairya-hīnena) - by one devoid of discernment and fortitude

• स्वाहङ्कार-महोत्सवः (svāhaṅkāra-mahotsavaḥ) - a great festival of one's own ego

• मूर्खेण (mūrkheṇa) - by a fool, by an ignorant person

• आलम्बितः (ālambitaḥ) - undertaken, clung to, supported, embraced

• येन (yena) - by whom

• नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - ruined, destroyed, lost

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

Words meanings and morphology

विवेक-धैर्य-हीनेन (viveka-dhairya-hīnena) - by one devoid of discernment and fortitude

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viveka-dhairya-hīna

viveka-dhairya-hīna - devoid of discernment (viveka) and fortitude (dhairya)

Compound meaning "devoid of viveka (discernment) and dhairya (fortitude)".

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (viveka+dhairya+hīna)

• viveka – discernment, discrimination, judgment
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vic` (to separate) with prefix `vi-`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vic (class 7)
• dhairya – fortitude, patience, firmness, courage
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `dhīra` (firm, steady).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• hīna – devoid of, destitute of, deficient in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `hā` (to abandon, lose).
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `mūrkheṇa`.

स्वाहङ्कार-महोत्सवः (svāhaṅkāra-mahotsavaḥ) - a great festival of one's own ego

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svāhaṅkāra-mahotsava

svāhaṅkāra-mahotsava - great festival of one's own ego (ahaṅkāra)

Compound of `sva` (own), `ahaṅkāra` (ego), and `mahotsava` (great festival).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+ahaṅkāra+mahotsava)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• ahaṅkāra – ego, self-conceit, self-identification (ahaṅkāra)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `aham` (I) and `kṛ` (to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• mahotsava – great festival, grand celebration
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `mahā` (great) and `utsava` (festival).

Note: Object of `ālambitaḥ` (passive construction).

मूर्खेण (mūrkheṇa) - by a fool, by an ignorant person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrkha

mūrkha - fool, ignorant person, idiot

Note: Agent of the passive verb `ālambitaḥ`.

आलम्बितः (ālambitaḥ) - undertaken, clung to, supported, embraced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ālambita

ālambita - undertaken, clung to, supported, embraced

Past Passive Participle

From root `labh` (to seize) with prefix `ā-`.

Prefix: ā

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Refers to `svāhaṅkāra-mahotsavaḥ`.

येन (yena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relativizer.

नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - ruined, destroyed, lost

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - ruined, destroyed, lost, perished

Past Passive Participle

From root `naś` (to perish, be lost).

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Refers to 'him' (tam).

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, even

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Also functions as an adjective meaning "swift".

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative mood, present tense

Imperative 2nd person singular of root `vid`.

Root: vid (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `viddhi`.