योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-29, verse-13

सुखदुःखविचारित्वं न कार्यं राम धीमता ।
दुःखम्लानमुखः क्लेदी प्रसन्नात्क्लेदवर्जितात् ॥ १३ ॥

sukhaduḥkhavicāritvaṃ na kāryaṃ rāma dhīmatā ,
duḥkhamlānamukhaḥ kledī prasannātkledavarjitāt 13

13. sukhaduḥkhavicāritvam na kāryam rāma dhīmatā
duḥkhamlānamukhaḥ kledī prasannāt kledavarjitāt

13. rāma dhīmatā sukhaduḥkhavicāritvam na kāryam.
duḥkhamlānamukhaḥ kledī prasannāt kledavarjitāt.

13. O Rāma, a wise person (dhīmat) should not engage in contemplating joy and sorrow. One whose face is withered by sorrow and wet with tears (kleda) is distinct from one who is cheerful and free from such dampness (kleda).

Words meanings summery:

• सुखदुःखविचारित्वम् (sukhaduḥkhavicāritvam) - the contemplation of joy and sorrow (the state of deliberating on happiness and sorrow)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, is proper (to be done, proper to be done, duty)

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma (vocative address) (Rāma (proper noun))

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by a wise person (dhīmat) (by the intelligent, by the wise one)

• दुःखम्लानमुखः (duḥkhamlānamukhaḥ) - one whose face is withered by sorrow

• क्लेदी (kledī) - wet (with tears), tearful (kleda) (wet, moist, dirty, sorrowful)

• प्रसन्नात् (prasannāt) - from one who is cheerful (from the cheerful one, from the clear one)

• क्लेदवर्जितात् (kledavarjitāt) - from one free from such dampness (kleda) (from one free from dampness/moisture)

Words meanings and morphology

सुखदुःखविचारित्वम् (sukhaduḥkhavicāritvam) - the contemplation of joy and sorrow (the state of deliberating on happiness and sorrow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukhaduḥkhavicāritva

sukhaduḥkhavicāritva - the state of considering happiness and sorrow

Compound: `sukha` (happiness) + `duḥkha` (sorrow) + `vicāra` (deliberation) + `tva` (suffix forming abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+duḥkha+vicāra+tva)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, difficulty
  noun (neuter)
• vicāra – deliberation, consideration, thought, investigation
  noun (masculine)
  From root `car` ('to move') with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: car (class 1)
• tva – suffix denoting state, condition, abstract quality
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun forming suffix.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' with `kāryam`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the action or state.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, is proper (to be done, proper to be done, duty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, object

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root `kṛ` ('to do') with suffix `ṇyat` or `yat`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `sukhaduḥkhavicāritvam`.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma (vocative address) (Rāma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a Hindu deity and prince of Ayodhya)

Note: Direct address.

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by a wise person (dhīmat) (by the intelligent, by the wise one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful

From `dhī` (intellect) with `matup` suffix.

Note: Indicates the agent of `kāryam`.

दुःखम्लानमुखः (duḥkhamlānamukhaḥ) - one whose face is withered by sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhamlānamukha

duḥkhamlānamukha - having a face withered by sorrow

Bahuvrīhi compound: `duḥkha` (sorrow) + `mlāna` (withered) + `mukha` (face).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (duḥkha+mlāna+mukha)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• mlāna – withered, faded, languid
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `mlai` ('to wither').
  Root: mlai (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes a person.

क्लेदी (kledī) - wet (with tears), tearful (kleda) (wet, moist, dirty, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kledin

kledin - wet, moist, damp; sorrowful (from tears)

From `kleda` (wetness, moisture) with `in` suffix.

Note: Describes the same person as `duḥkhamlānamukhaḥ`.

प्रसन्नात् (prasannāt) - from one who is cheerful (from the cheerful one, from the clear one)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prasanna

prasanna - clear, bright, calm, tranquil, cheerful, propitious

Past Passive Participle

From root `sad` ('to sit, to settle') with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Indicates distinction from this person.

क्लेदवर्जितात् (kledavarjitāt) - from one free from such dampness (kleda) (from one free from dampness/moisture)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kledavarjita

kledavarjita - free from moisture, without tears, free from impurity

Tatpurusha compound: `kleda` (moisture, impurity) + `varjita` (free from, devoid of).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kleda+varjita)

• kleda – wetness, moisture, dampness, putridity, tears
  noun (masculine)
  From root `klid` ('to be wet').
  Root: klid (class 4)
• varjita – abandoned, avoided, deprived of, free from
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vṛj` ('to avoid, to abandon').
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Describes `prasannāt`.