योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-75

संकल्पोन्मुखतां विद्धि दुःखदां संविदश्च्युतिम् ।
जडेषूपलभूतेषु मनोदेहेन्द्रियादिषु ॥ ७५ ॥

saṃkalponmukhatāṃ viddhi duḥkhadāṃ saṃvidaścyutim ,
jaḍeṣūpalabhūteṣu manodehendriyādiṣu 75

75. saṃkalpaunmukhatām viddhi duḥkhadām saṃvidaḥ
cyutim jaḍeṣu upalabhūteṣu manodehendriyādiṣu

75. viddhi saṃkalpaunmukhatām duḥkhadām saṃvidaḥ cyutim jaḍeṣu upalabhūteṣu manodehendriyādiṣu.

75. Know that the tendency towards mental constructs (saṃkalpa) is the sorrow-giving deviation from consciousness (saṃvid), [especially] towards inert and stone-like things like the mind, body, and senses.

Words meanings summery:

• संकल्पौन्मुखताम् (saṁkalpaunmukhatām) - the state of being inclined towards mental constructs/desires

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

• दुःखदाम् (duḥkhadām) - sorrow-giving, pain-causing

• संविदः (saṁvidaḥ) - of consciousness, from consciousness

• च्युतिम् (cyutim) - falling away, deviation, loss

• जडेषु (jaḍeṣu) - in insentient, in inert, in dull things

• उपलभूतेषु (upalabhūteṣu) - in things that have become like stones, in stone-like entities

• मनोदेहेन्द्रियादिषु (manodehendriyādiṣu) - in mind, body, senses, and so on

Words meanings and morphology

संकल्पौन्मुखताम् (saṁkalpaunmukhatām) - the state of being inclined towards mental constructs/desires

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃkalpaunmukhatā

saṁkalpaunmukhatā - inclination towards mental constructs, preoccupation with desires

Compound of `saṃkalpa` (mental construct/resolve) + `unmukha` (inclined towards) + `tā` (suffix for state/quality).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃkalpa+unmukha+tā)

• saṃkalpa – mental construct, thought, intention, resolve, desire
  noun (masculine)
  From `sam-kḷp` (to fashion, to resolve).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• unmukha – facing towards, inclined, eager, open-mouthed
  adjective (masculine)
  From `ud-mukha` (facing upwards or outwards).
  Prefix: ud
• tā – suffix forming abstract feminine nouns indicating state or quality
  suffix (feminine)
  Feminine suffix.

Note: The `ṃ` represents anusvāra.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative, active voice

Imperative, 2nd person singular. Root `vid` (class 2, parasmāipada).

Root: vid (class 2)

दुःखदाम् (duḥkhadām) - sorrow-giving, pain-causing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duḥkhadā

duḥkhadā - pain-giving, sorrow-causing, causing suffering

Feminine form of `duḥkhada`. Compound of `duḥkha` (suffering) and `da` (giving). Root `dā`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+da)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, causing, bestowing
  agent noun / adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix `ḍa`
  From root `dā` (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The `ṃ` represents anusvāra. Agrees with `saṃkalpaunmukhatām` and `cyutim`.

संविदः (saṁvidaḥ) - of consciousness, from consciousness

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of saṃvid

saṁvid - consciousness, knowledge, understanding

From prefix `sam-` + root `vid` (to know).

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Genitive, indicating possession or source.

च्युतिम् (cyutim) - falling away, deviation, loss

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cyuti

cyuti - falling, deviation, loss, expulsion

From root `cyu` (to move, fall) + `kti` suffix.

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Accusative object of `viddhi`.

जडेषु (jaḍeṣu) - in insentient, in inert, in dull things

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of jaḍa

jaḍa - inert, dull, insentient, cold, stupid

Root: jaḍ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the categories listed, such as mind, body, etc.

उपलभूतेषु (upalabhūteṣu) - in things that have become like stones, in stone-like entities

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of upalabhūta

upalabhūta - become like a stone, stone-like

Past Passive Participle (`bhūta`) combined.

Compound of `upala` (stone) and `bhūta` (become).

Compound type : upamāna-pūrvapada karmadhāraya (upala+bhūta)

• upala – stone, rock, gem
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, existing, being, creature, element
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhū` (to be, become) + `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `jaḍeṣu` and `manodehendriyādiṣu`.

मनोदेहेन्द्रियादिषु (manodehendriyādiṣu) - in mind, body, senses, and so on

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of manodehendriyādi

manodehendriyādi - mind, body, senses etc.

Compound of `manas` (mind), `deha` (body), `indriya` (senses), and `ādi` (etc.).

Compound type : dvandva (manas+deha+indriya+ādi)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  From root `man` (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)
• deha – body, form
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dih` (to smear, to grow) + `a` suffix.
  Root: dih (class 4)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
  From `Indra`.
• ādi – beginning, first, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)
  From `ā` + root `ad` (to eat) + `i` suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: The `ādi` suffix implies a plural and the locative case for the entire group.