योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-40

हन्यते यस्तु यच्छक्त्या स तेनैव हतो भवेत् ।
निहन्ति खड्गः पुंशक्त्या हन्तैव प्रोच्यते पुमान् ॥ ४० ॥

hanyate yastu yacchaktyā sa tenaiva hato bhavet ,
nihanti khaḍgaḥ puṃśaktyā hantaiva procyate pumān 40

40. hanyate yaḥ tu yat śaktyā saḥ tena eva hataḥ bhavet |
nihanti khaḍgaḥ puṃśaktyā hantā eva procyate pumān ||

40. yaḥ tu yat śaktyā hanyate saḥ tena eva hataḥ bhavet
nihanti khaḍgaḥ puṃśaktyā hantā eva procyate pumān

40. Whoever is killed by a certain power (śakti), that person is considered killed by the one possessing that power. A sword, for instance, kills by a man's power, but it is the man who is called the slayer.

Words meanings summery:

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is killed, is struck, is smitten

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• यत् (yat) - whose, of which

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by power, by energy, by capacity

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, destroyed

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

• निहन्ति (nihanti) - kills, strikes down, destroys

• खड्गः (khaḍgaḥ) - sword

• पुंशक्त्या (puṁśaktyā) - by a man's power, by the power of a person

• हन्ता (hantā) - killer, slayer, destroyer

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• प्रोच्यते (procyate) - is called, is declared

• पुमान् (pumān) - man, person

Words meanings and morphology

हन्यते (hanyate) - is killed, is struck, is smitten

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

Note: Used as an adjective agreeing with 'śaktyā' implicitly in a genitive sense (by whose power).

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by power, by energy, by capacity

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, energy, capacity, force, divine feminine principle (śakti)

From root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to kill, strike).

Root: han (class 2)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

निहन्ति (nihanti) - kills, strikes down, destroys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of nihan

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

खड्गः (khaḍgaḥ) - sword

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, scimitar

पुंशक्त्या (puṁśaktyā) - by a man's power, by the power of a person

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of puṃśakti

puṁśakti - power of a man, human power

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (puṃs+śakti)

• puṃs – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – power, energy, capacity, force, divine feminine principle (śakti)
  noun (feminine)
  From root śak (to be able).
  Root: śak (class 5)

हन्ता (hantā) - killer, slayer, destroyer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantṛ

hantṛ - killer, slayer, destroyer

Agent noun derived from root han (to kill).

Root: han (class 2)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

प्रोच्यते (procyate) - is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of pravac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

पुमान् (pumān) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṃs

puṁs - man, person, male

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