योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-31

विषपर्यवसानेयं रसायनवदुत्थिता ।
भोक्तताकर्तृताशङ्का बत चित्त मुधैव हि ॥ ३१ ॥

viṣaparyavasāneyaṃ rasāyanavadutthitā ,
bhoktatākartṛtāśaṅkā bata citta mudhaiva hi 31

31. viṣa paryavasānā iyam rasāyana vat utthitā
bhoktṛtā kartṛtā śaṅkā bata citta mudhā eva hi

31. bata citta iyam bhoktṛtā kartṛtā śaṅkā viṣa
paryavasānā rasāyana vat utthitā mudhā eva hi

31. Alas, O mind (citta)! This doubt of being an enjoyer and a doer, which ultimately leads to poison, has indeed arisen uselessly, like a tonic (that turns out to be poison).

Words meanings summery:

• विष (viṣa) - poison, venom

• पर्यवसाना (paryavasānā) - having its end in (ending, termination, conclusion)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• रसायन (rasāyana) - elixir, tonic, specific preparation

• वत् (vat) - like, as, similar to

• उत्थिता (utthitā) - arisen, emerged, stood up

• भोक्तृता (bhoktṛtā) - the state of being an enjoyer, enjoyership

• कर्तृता (kartṛtā) - the state of being a doer, doership

• शङ्का (śaṅkā) - doubt, apprehension, fear

• बत (bata) - alas, ah, indeed (particle of surprise, pity, joy)

• चित्त (citta) - O mind!

• मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

Words meanings and morphology

विष (viṣa) - poison, venom

(noun)

neuter, singular of viṣa

viṣa - poison, venom, bane

Note: First part of the compound 'viṣaparyavasānā'.

पर्यवसाना (paryavasānā) - having its end in (ending, termination, conclusion)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paryavasāna

paryavasāna - end, termination, conclusion, outcome

From pari (around) + ava (down) + so (to end) + lyuṭ (suffix)

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: so (class 4)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, agreeing with 'śaṅkā'. 'viṣaparyavasānā' means "having poison as its end".

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to 'śaṅkā'.

रसायन (rasāyana) - elixir, tonic, specific preparation

(noun)

neuter, singular of rasāyana

rasāyana - elixir, tonic, specific chemical/herbal preparation, alchemy

From rasa (essence, fluid) + ayana (course, path)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rasa+ayana)

• rasa – essence, taste, juice, fluid
  noun (masculine)
• ayana – course, path, going, abode
  noun (neuter)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of the compound 'rasāyanavat'.

वत् (vat) - like, as, similar to

(indeclinable)

Suffix appended to nouns to form adverbs meaning "like" or "as if".

Note: Secondary suffix 'vat' meaning "like", forming the adverb 'rasāyanavat'.

उत्थिता (utthitā) - arisen, emerged, stood up

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, risen, emerged, standing up

Past Passive Participle

From ud (up) + sthā (to stand) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Serves as the main predicate for 'śaṅkā'.

भोक्तृता (bhoktṛtā) - the state of being an enjoyer, enjoyership

(noun)

feminine, singular of bhoktṛtā

bhoktṛtā - enjoyership, the state of being an enjoyer (bhoktṛ)

From bhoktṛ (enjoyer) + tā (abstract suffix)

Note: First part of the compound 'bhoktṛtā-kartṛtā-śaṅkā'.

कर्तृता (kartṛtā) - the state of being a doer, doership

(noun)

feminine, singular of kartṛtā

kartṛtā - doership, the state of being a doer (kartṛ)

From kartṛ (doer) + tā (abstract suffix)

Note: Second part of the compound 'bhoktṛtā-kartṛtā-śaṅkā'.

शङ्का (śaṅkā) - doubt, apprehension, fear

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śaṅkā

śaṅkā - doubt, apprehension, fear, suspicion

From śaṅk (to doubt, fear)

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: The main subject of the sentence, referring to the "doubt" about being an enjoyer/doer.

बत (bata) - alas, ah, indeed (particle of surprise, pity, joy)

(indeclinable)

Expresses various emotions.

Note: Interjection expressing lament or pity.

चित्त (citta) - O mind!

(noun)

Vocative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, consciousness, intellect

Past Passive Participle of cit (to perceive)

Noun form.

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Personification of the mind, addressed in the vocative case.

मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Adverb modifying 'utthitā'.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'mudhā'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Affirmative particle.

Note: Adds emphasis to the statement.