योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-36, verse-42

प्राक्तनीं दीर्घदौरात्म्यदशां स्मृत्वा पुनःपुनः ।
कोहं किं तद्बभूवेति हसन्मुक्ताच्छटासितम् ॥ ४२ ॥

prāktanīṃ dīrghadaurātmyadaśāṃ smṛtvā punaḥpunaḥ ,
kohaṃ kiṃ tadbabhūveti hasanmuktācchaṭāsitam 42

42. prāktanīm dīrghadaurātmyadaśām smṛtvā punaḥ punaḥ
kaḥ aham kim tat babhūva iti hasan muktācchaṭāsitam

42. punaḥ punaḥ smṛtvā prāktanīm dīrghadaurātmyadaśām,
hasan muktācchaṭāsitam,
iti kaḥ aham kim tat babhūva?

42. Repeatedly remembering his former long state of depravity, he laughs, brilliant as if with a shower of pearls, thinking, 'Who was I? What became of that?'

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक्तनीम् (prāktanīm) - former, past, ancient, prior

• दीर्घदौरात्म्यदशाम् (dīrghadaurātmyadaśām) - long state of depravity/wickedness/misery

• स्मृत्वा (smṛtvā) - having remembered, recollecting

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, but, on the other hand

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, but, on the other hand

• कः (kaḥ) - who? what? which?

• अहम् (aham) - I

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'state of depravity' mentioned earlier. (that, it)

• बभूव (babhūva) - it became, it happened, it existed

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so, (marker for direct speech/thought)

• हसन् (hasan) - laughing, smiling

• मुक्ताच्छटासितम् (muktācchaṭāsitam) - His laughter or countenance is compared to the brilliance of scattered pearls. Functions adverbially, describing the manner of laughing. (brilliant as if with a shower of pearls, shining with a spray of white pearls)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक्तनीम् (prāktanīm) - former, past, ancient, prior

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prāktana

prāktana - former, past, ancient, prior

Derived from `prāk` (before) + `tana` suffix

Note: Agrees with `dīrghadaurātmyadaśām`.

दीर्घदौरात्म्यदशाम् (dīrghadaurātmyadaśām) - long state of depravity/wickedness/misery

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīrghadaurātmyadaśā

dīrghadaurātmyadaśā - a long state of wickedness, depravity, misery

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīrgha+daurātmya+daśā)

• dīrgha – long, lengthy
  adjective (masculine)
• daurātmya – wickedness, depravity, evil nature, misery
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from `durātman` (wicked soul)
• daśā – state, condition, stage, period
  noun (feminine)
  Root: daś

स्मृत्वा (smṛtvā) - having remembered, recollecting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root `smṛ` (to remember) + suffix `tvā`

Root: smṛ (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who? what? which?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

`kim` is the interrogative pronoun stem

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun stem

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, why

Interrogative pronoun stem

तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'state of depravity' mentioned earlier. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun stem

बभूव (babhūva) - it became, it happened, it existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Third Person Singular

From root `bhū` (class 1), reduplicated perfect form

Root: bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so, (marker for direct speech/thought)

(indeclinable)

हसन् (hasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasat

hasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

From root `has` (to laugh) + `śatṛ` suffix

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying the implied subject 'he'.

मुक्ताच्छटासितम् (muktācchaṭāsitam) - His laughter or countenance is compared to the brilliance of scattered pearls. Functions adverbially, describing the manner of laughing. (brilliant as if with a shower of pearls, shining with a spray of white pearls)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of muktācchaṭāsita

muktācchaṭāsita - brilliant as if with a shower of pearls, shining with a spray of white pearls

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (muktā+acchaṭā+āsita)

• muktā – pearl
  noun (feminine)
  `muktā` as noun 'pearl' (feminine)
• acchaṭā – stream, shower, spray, collection
  noun (feminine)
• āsita – white, brilliant, shining
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from `ās` (to shine) or `sita` (white) with prefix `ā`.

Note: Functions adverbially, describing the manner of laughing (`hasan`).