योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-36, verse-16

यस्त्वक्स्पर्शौ स्पृशन्सर्वं गन्धं तैलं तिले यथा ।
स्पर्शमन्तःकरोत्येष स कथं नानुभूयते ॥ १६ ॥

yastvaksparśau spṛśansarvaṃ gandhaṃ tailaṃ tile yathā ,
sparśamantaḥkarotyeṣa sa kathaṃ nānubhūyate 16

16. yaḥ tvak-sparśau spṛśan sarvam gandham tailam tile
yathā sparśam antaḥ karoti eṣaḥ saḥ katham na anubhūyate

16. yathā tile tailam (vidyate),
(tathā) yaḥ tvak-sparśau spṛśan sarvam gandham (ca),
eṣaḥ sparśam antaḥ karoti,
saḥ katham na anubhūyate?

16. Just as oil is inherently present within a sesame seed, so too is He who, by perceiving the sense of touch and its objects, pervades all essence and makes touch an internal experience. How is such a one not perceived?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - He who (who, which)

• त्वक्-स्पर्शौ (tvak-sparśau) - the sense of touch and its objects (skin and touch; the sense of touch and its objects)

• स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - by perceiving (touching, perceiving)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (essence) (all, whole, entire)

• गन्धम् (gandham) - all essence (smell, fragrance, essence)

• तैलम् (tailam) - oil

• तिले (tile) - in a sesame seed

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch, sensation

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - inside, within, internal

• करोति (karoti) - makes (it) an internal experience (makes, does, performs)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (referring to 'yaḥ' previously) (this one, he)

• सः (saḥ) - such a one (God) (he, that (one))

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• न (na) - not, no

• अनुभूयते (anubhūyate) - is experienced, is perceived

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - He who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

त्वक्-स्पर्शौ (tvak-sparśau) - the sense of touch and its objects (skin and touch; the sense of touch and its objects)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tvak-sparśa

tvak-sparśa - skin and touch; sense of touch and its objects

Dvandva compound: tvac ca sparśaḥ ca (skin and touch)

Compound type : dvandva (tvac+sparśa)

• tvac – skin, hide, sense of touch
  noun (feminine)
• sparśa – touch, contact, sensation of touch, object of touch
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root spṛś (to touch)
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - by perceiving (touching, perceiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spṛś

spṛś - to touch, feel, perceive, come into contact with

Present Active Participle

Derived from root spṛś

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Adjectival use describing 'yaḥ'

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (essence) (all, whole, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, complete

Note: Governed by spṛśan.

गन्धम् (gandham) - all essence (smell, fragrance, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gandha

gandha - smell, fragrance, odor, essence, trace

Note: Governed by spṛśan.

तैलम् (tailam) - oil

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of taila

taila - oil, sesame oil

Derived from tila (sesame)

Note: Forms part of the simile.

तिले (tile) - in a sesame seed

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tila

tila - sesame seed

Note: Forms part of the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch, sensation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact, sensation of touch, object of touch

Derived from root spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś (class 6)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - inside, within, internal

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a prefix or adverbial with karoti (makes internal).

करोति (karoti) - makes (it) an internal experience (makes, does, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (referring to 'yaḥ' previously) (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

सः (saḥ) - such a one (God) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अनुभूयते (anubhūyate) - is experienced, is perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bhū

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: With prefix anu, means 'to experience, perceive'.