मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-90
पशूनां रक्षणं दानमिज्याऽध्ययनमेव च ।
वणिक्पथं कुसीदं च वैश्यस्य कृषिमेव च ॥९०॥
वणिक्पथं कुसीदं च वैश्यस्य कृषिमेव च ॥९०॥
90. paśūnāṁ rakṣaṇaṁ dānamijyā'dhyayanameva ca ,
vaṇikpathaṁ kusīdaṁ ca vaiśyasya kṛṣimeva ca.
vaṇikpathaṁ kusīdaṁ ca vaiśyasya kṛṣimeva ca.
90.
paśūnām rakṣaṇam dānam ijyā adhyayanam eva ca
vaṇikpatham kusīdam ca vaiśyasya kṛṣim eva ca
vaṇikpatham kusīdam ca vaiśyasya kṛṣim eva ca
90.
vaiśyasya paśūnām rakṣaṇam dānam ijyā adhyayanam
eva ca vaṇikpatham kusīdam ca kṛṣim eva ca
eva ca vaṇikpatham kusīdam ca kṛṣim eva ca
90.
The protection of cattle, charitable giving (dāna), the performance of Vedic rituals (yajña), study, commerce, usury, and agriculture are the duties of a vaiśya.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पशूनाम् (paśūnām) - of cattle (of animals, of cattle)
- रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection (protection, guarding, preservation)
- दानम् (dānam) - charitable giving (dāna) (giving, gift, charity)
- इज्या (ijyā) - Vedic ritual (yajña) (Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice)
- अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - study (study, learning, recitation)
- एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- वणिक्पथम् (vaṇikpatham) - commerce (trade, path of merchants, commerce)
- कुसीदम् (kusīdam) - usury (usury, lending money at interest)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - of a vaiśya (of a vaiśya, of a commoner/merchant/agriculturist)
- कृषिम् (kṛṣim) - agriculture (agriculture, cultivation, farming)
- एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
Words meanings and morphology
पशूनाम् (paśūnām) - of cattle (of animals, of cattle)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of paśu
paśu - cattle, animal, beast
रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection (protection, guarding, preservation)
(noun)
neuter, singular of rakṣaṇa
rakṣaṇa - protection, guarding, preserving
Derived from root 'rakṣ' with suffix '-ana'
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
दानम् (dānam) - charitable giving (dāna) (giving, gift, charity)
(noun)
neuter, singular of dāna
dāna - giving, gift, donation, charity
Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with suffix '-ana'
Root: dā (class 3)
इज्या (ijyā) - Vedic ritual (yajña) (Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of ijyā
ijyā - sacrifice, worship, Vedic ritual
From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice)
Root: yaj (class 1)
अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - study (study, learning, recitation)
(noun)
neuter, singular of adhyayana
adhyayana - study, learning, reading
From 'adhi' (prefix) + root 'i' (to go) with suffix '-ana'. Literally 'going over'.
Prefix: adhi
Root: i (class 2)
एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
वणिक्पथम् (vaṇikpatham) - commerce (trade, path of merchants, commerce)
(noun)
masculine, singular of vaṇikpatha
vaṇikpatha - trade, path of merchants, commerce
Compound: 'vaṇij' (merchant) + 'patha' (path, way)
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpurusha (vaṇij+patha)
- vaṇij – merchant, trader
noun (masculine)
From root 'vaṇij' (to trade)
Root: vaṇij (class 1) - patha – path, way, road
noun (masculine)
From root 'path' (to go, move)
Root: path
Note: The form 'vaṇik' is a sandhi form of 'vaṇij' before a voiceless stop.
कुसीदम् (kusīdam) - usury (usury, lending money at interest)
(noun)
neuter, singular of kusīda
kusīda - usury, lending money at interest, loan, interest
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
वैश्यस्य (vaiśyasya) - of a vaiśya (of a vaiśya, of a commoner/merchant/agriculturist)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - member of the vaiśya class (merchant, agriculturist, commoner)
From 'viś' (people, community, settlement), referring to the third traditional social class (varṇa)
कृषिम् (kṛṣim) - agriculture (agriculture, cultivation, farming)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣi
kṛṣi - agriculture, cultivation, farming
From root 'kṛṣ' (to plough)
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)