मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-45
स्वेदजं दंशमशकं यूकामक्षिकमत्कुणम ।
ऊष्मणश्चोपजायन्ते यच्चान्यत किं चिदीदृशम ॥४५॥
ऊष्मणश्चोपजायन्ते यच्चान्यत किं चिदीदृशम ॥४५॥
45. svedajaṁ daṁśamaśakaṁ yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇam ,
ūṣmaṇaścopajāyante yaccānyat kiṁ cidīdṛśam.
ūṣmaṇaścopajāyante yaccānyat kiṁ cidīdṛśam.
45.
svedajam daṃśamaśakam yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇam
ūṣmaṇaḥ ca upajāyante yat ca anyat kim cit īdṛśam
ūṣmaṇaḥ ca upajāyante yat ca anyat kim cit īdṛśam
45.
daṃśamaśakam yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇam svedajam ca
yat anyat kim cit īdṛśam ūṣmaṇaḥ upajāyante
yat anyat kim cit īdṛśam ūṣmaṇaḥ upajāyante
45.
Creatures such as biting flies, mosquitoes, lice, common flies, and bedbugs are born from sweat and moisture. And whatever other beings are of this kind also arise from heat.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्वेदजम् (svedajam) - born from sweat or moisture; the sweat-born class of beings
- दंशमशकम् (daṁśamaśakam) - biting flies and mosquitoes
- यूकामक्षिकमत्कुणम् (yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇam) - lice, common flies, and bedbugs
- ऊष्मणः (ūṣmaṇaḥ) - from heat; due to warmth
- च (ca) - and; also
- उपजायन्ते (upajāyante) - they are born; they arise
- यत् (yat) - that which; whatever
- च (ca) - and; also
- अन्यत् (anyat) - other; anything else
- किम् (kim) - what, something
- चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness
- ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - of this kind; such
Words meanings and morphology
स्वेदजम् (svedajam) - born from sweat or moisture; the sweat-born class of beings
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of svedaja
svedaja - born from sweat; born from moisture; oviparous (class of beings)
Compound formed from 'sveda' (sweat/moisture) and 'ja' (born).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sveda+ja)
- sveda – sweat, perspiration, moisture
noun (masculine) - ja – born, produced, arising from
adjective
Agent noun / suffix
Derived from the root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Used here adjectivally to describe the collective class of creatures.
दंशमशकम् (daṁśamaśakam) - biting flies and mosquitoes
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of daṃśamaśaka
daṁśamaśaka - biting flies and mosquitoes (collectively)
A dvandva compound of 'daṃśa' and 'maśaka'.
Compound type : dvandva (daṃśa+maśaka)
- daṃśa – biting fly, gadfly
noun (masculine) - maśaka – mosquito, gnat
noun (masculine)
Note: Collective singular, functioning as subject.
यूकामक्षिकमत्कुणम् (yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇam) - lice, common flies, and bedbugs
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇa
yūkāmakṣikamatkuṇa - lice, common flies, bedbugs (collectively)
A dvandva compound of 'yūkā', 'makṣikā', and 'matkuṇa'.
Compound type : dvandva (yūkā+makṣikā+matkuṇa)
- yūkā – louse
noun (feminine) - makṣikā – common fly
noun (feminine) - matkuṇa – bedbug
noun (masculine)
Note: Collective singular, functioning as subject.
ऊष्मणः (ūṣmaṇaḥ) - from heat; due to warmth
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of ūṣman
ūṣman - heat, warmth, vapor
च (ca) - and; also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'svedajam' creatures with 'yat...īdṛśam'.
उपजायन्ते (upajāyante) - they are born; they arise
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of upajāyate
From root 'jan' (to be born) with prefix 'upa'. Middle voice.
Prefix: upa
Root: jan (class 4)
यत् (yat) - that which; whatever
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)
Note: Functions as the subject of the clause.
च (ca) - and; also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'yat' with the previous subjects.
अन्यत् (anyat) - other; anything else
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of anya
anya - other, different, another
Note: Modifies 'kim cit'.
किम् (kim) - what, something
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what, which, some, a certain (interrogative/indefinite pronoun)
Note: Part of the indefinite pronoun 'kiṃ cit'.
चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness
(indeclinable)
Note: Forms 'kiṃ cit' (anything, something).
ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - of this kind; such
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa
īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this
Note: Modifies 'yat anyat kim cit'.