मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-20
आद्याद्यस्य गुणं त्वेषामवाप्नोति परः परः ।
यो यो यावतिथश्चैषां स स तावद गुणः स्मृतः ॥२०॥
यो यो यावतिथश्चैषां स स तावद गुणः स्मृतः ॥२०॥
20. ādyādyasya guṇaṁ tveṣāmavāpnoti paraḥ paraḥ ,
yo yo yāvatithaścaiṣāṁ sa sa tāvad guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ.
yo yo yāvatithaścaiṣāṁ sa sa tāvad guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ.
20.
ādya-ādyasya guṇam tu eṣām avāpnoti paraḥ paraḥ yaḥ
yaḥ yāvatithaḥ ca eṣām saḥ saḥ tāvat guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ
yaḥ yāvatithaḥ ca eṣām saḥ saḥ tāvat guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ
20.
Among these, each succeeding principle acquires the quality of the preceding one. Thus, whichever of these is at a particular position in the sequence, that one is considered to possess that many qualities.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आद्य-आद्यस्य (ādya-ādyasya) - of the first of the first, of each preceding one
- गुणम् (guṇam) - quality, attribute, property
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these
- अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains, attains, acquires
- परः परः (paraḥ paraḥ) - each succeeding principle or element (each succeeding one, the next one in order)
- यः यः (yaḥ yaḥ) - whichever principle in the sequence (whoever, whichever one (distributive))
- यावतिथः (yāvatithaḥ) - of whatever position/number in the sequence (of whatever number, how many-eth)
- च (ca) - and, also
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these
- सः सः (saḥ saḥ) - that particular principle or element (that one, he (distributive))
- तावत् (tāvat) - so much, so many, to that extent
- गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, attribute, property
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, considered, traditionally taught
Words meanings and morphology
आद्य-आद्यस्य (ādya-ādyasya) - of the first of the first, of each preceding one
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of ādya-ādya
ādya-ādya - the first of the first, each preceding one
Iterative compound, meaning 'of each preceding'.
Compound type : āvṛtti-samāsa (ādya+ādya)
- ādya – first, primeval, original
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Note: Refers to the element or principle immediately preceding in a sequence.
गुणम् (guṇam) - quality, attribute, property
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue, secondary quality
Note: Object of 'avāpnoti'.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis or transition.
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to the series of principles or elements discussed.
अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains, attains, acquires
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avāp
Prefix: ava
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Subject is 'paraḥ paraḥ'.
परः परः (paraḥ paraḥ) - each succeeding principle or element (each succeeding one, the next one in order)
(pronoun/adjective)
Compound type : āvṛtti-samāsa (para+para)
- para – other, next, succeeding
pronoun/adjective (masculine)
Note: Subject of 'avāpnoti'.
यः यः (yaḥ yaḥ) - whichever principle in the sequence (whoever, whichever one (distributive))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ya-ya
ya - who, which, whatever
Repetition implies 'whoever' or 'each one that' (distributive sense).
Compound type : āvṛtti-samāsa (ya+ya)
- ya – who, which
pronoun (masculine)
Note: Correlative with 'saḥ saḥ'.
यावतिथः (yāvatithaḥ) - of whatever position/number in the sequence (of whatever number, how many-eth)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yāvatitha
yāvatitha - how many-eth, of whatever number/order
Derived from 'yāvat' (as much/many) with the ordinal suffix '-titha'.
Note: Predicative adjective for 'yaḥ yaḥ'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to the series of principles or elements.
सः सः (saḥ saḥ) - that particular principle or element (that one, he (distributive))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad-tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Repetition implies 'that particular one' (distributive sense).
Compound type : āvṛtti-samāsa (tad+tad)
- tad – that, he, she, it
pronoun (masculine)
Note: Correlative with 'yaḥ yaḥ'.
तावत् (tāvat) - so much, so many, to that extent
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial modifier for 'guṇaḥ', indicating quantity ('that many').
गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, attribute, property
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue, secondary quality
Note: Subject of 'smṛtaḥ'.
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, considered, traditionally taught
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, known, considered, stated, taught by tradition
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'smṛ' (to remember).
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: Implies 'is considered' or 'is known to be'.