मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-108
आचारः परमो धर्मः श्रुत्योक्तः स्मार्त एव च ।
तस्मादस्मिन सदा युक्तो नित्यं स्यादात्मवान द्विजः ॥१०८॥
तस्मादस्मिन सदा युक्तो नित्यं स्यादात्मवान द्विजः ॥१०८॥
108. ācāraḥ paramo dharmaḥ śrutyoktaḥ smārta eva ca ,
tasmādasmin sadā yukto nityaṁ syādātmavān dvijaḥ.
tasmādasmin sadā yukto nityaṁ syādātmavān dvijaḥ.
108.
ācāraḥ paramaḥ dharmaḥ śrutyā uktaḥ smārtaḥ eva ca
tasmāt asmin sadā yuktaḥ nityam syāt ātmavān dvijaḥ
tasmāt asmin sadā yuktaḥ nityam syāt ātmavān dvijaḥ
108.
ācāraḥ paramaḥ dharmaḥ śrutyā smārtaḥ eva ca uktaḥ
tasmāt ātmavān dvijaḥ asmin sadā nityam yuktaḥ syāt
tasmāt ātmavān dvijaḥ asmin sadā nityam yuktaḥ syāt
108.
Right conduct (ācāra) is the supreme natural law (dharma), as stated in both the revealed texts (śruti) and the traditional texts (smṛti). Therefore, a self-controlled (ātman-possessing) twice-born should always be diligently engaged in it.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आचारः (ācāraḥ) - right conduct (conduct, custom, practice, behavior)
- परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, ultimate
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness
- श्रुत्या (śrutyā) - as stated in the revealed texts (śruti) (by śruti (revealed texts), by hearing)
- उक्तः (uktaḥ) - stated, declared, said
- स्मार्तः (smārtaḥ) - as stated in the traditional texts (smṛti) (related to smṛti (traditional texts), traditional)
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly
- च (ca) - and, also
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (conduct, referring to ācāra) (in this)
- सदा (sadā) - always, ever
- युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - diligently engaged (in conduct) (engaged, disciplined, connected, yoked)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, would be
- आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a self-controlled (ātman-possessing) person (self-controlled, intelligent, possessing a self)
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born, Brahmin
Words meanings and morphology
आचारः (ācāraḥ) - right conduct (conduct, custom, practice, behavior)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāra
ācāra - custom, practice, conduct, behavior, usage, rule
From prefix ā + root car (to move, behave)
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, ultimate
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parama
parama - highest, supreme, ultimate, most excellent
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religion
From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
श्रुत्या (śrutyā) - as stated in the revealed texts (śruti) (by śruti (revealed texts), by hearing)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of śruti
śruti - hearing, sacred knowledge, revealed text (especially Veda)
From root śru (to hear)
Root: śru (class 5)
उक्तः (uktaḥ) - stated, declared, said
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta
ukta - said, spoken, stated, declared
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root vac
Root: vac (class 2)
स्मार्तः (smārtaḥ) - as stated in the traditional texts (smṛti) (related to smṛti (traditional texts), traditional)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smārta
smārta - remembered, traditional, relating to smṛti (traditional law books)
From smṛti (memory, tradition) + a (suffix)
Root: smṛ (class 1)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially.
अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (conduct, referring to ācāra) (in this)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
सदा (sadā) - always, ever
(indeclinable)
युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - diligently engaged (in conduct) (engaged, disciplined, connected, yoked)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta
yukta - joined, united, yoked, engaged, diligent, disciplined, fit
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root yuj
Root: yuj (class 7)
नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually
(indeclinable)
स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, would be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
root of class 2 verb
Root: as (class 2)
आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a self-controlled (ātman-possessing) person (self-controlled, intelligent, possessing a self)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat
ātmavat - possessing a self (ātman), intelligent, wise, self-controlled
From ātman (self) + vat (possessive suffix)
Note: Modifies 'dvijaḥ'.
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born, Brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas), a bird, a tooth
Compound of dvi (two) + ja (born)
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective (masculine)
suffix for 'born'
From root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)