मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-49
तमसा बहुरूपेण वेष्टिताः कर्महेतुना ।
अन्तस्संज्ञा भवन्त्येते सुखदुःखसमन्विताः ॥४९॥
अन्तस्संज्ञा भवन्त्येते सुखदुःखसमन्विताः ॥४९॥
49. tamasā bahurūpeṇa veṣṭitāḥ karmahetunā ,
antassaṁjñā bhavantyete sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ.
antassaṁjñā bhavantyete sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ.
49.
tamasā bahurūpeṇa veṣṭitāḥ karmahetunā
antaḥsaṃjñā bhavanti ete sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ
antaḥsaṃjñā bhavanti ete sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ
49.
ete tamasā bahurūpeṇa karmahetunā veṣṭitāḥ
sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ antaḥsaṃjñā bhavanti
sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ antaḥsaṃjñā bhavanti
49.
Enveloped by manifold ignorance, and bound by the cause of their actions (karma), these beings develop an inner consciousness, experiencing both pleasure and pain.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तमसा (tamasā) - by ignorance (by darkness, by ignorance, by the quality of dullness)
- बहुरूपेण (bahurūpeṇa) - in its manifold forms (in many forms, manifold, multifaceted)
- वेष्टिताः (veṣṭitāḥ) - enveloped (enveloped, covered, surrounded)
- कर्महेतुना (karmahetunā) - by the cause of their actions (karma) (by the cause of actions, due to actions)
- अन्तःसंज्ञा (antaḥsaṁjñā) - inner consciousness (inner consciousness, internal perception, sensation, inner knowledge)
- भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they develop / they become (they become, they are, they exist)
- एते (ete) - these (beings) (these (masculine nominative plural))
- सुखदुःखसमन्विताः (sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ) - experiencing both pleasure and pain (endowed with pleasure and pain, accompanied by happiness and sorrow)
Words meanings and morphology
तमसा (tamasā) - by ignorance (by darkness, by ignorance, by the quality of dullness)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas
tamas - darkness, ignorance, dullness, the quality of inertia
बहुरूपेण (bahurūpeṇa) - in its manifold forms (in many forms, manifold, multifaceted)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of bahurūpa
bahurūpa - multiform, manifold, having many shapes or colors
Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+rūpa)
- bahu – many, much
adjective - rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with 'tamasā'.
वेष्टिताः (veṣṭitāḥ) - enveloped (enveloped, covered, surrounded)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of veṣṭita
veṣṭita - enveloped, surrounded, covered, wrapped
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'veṣṭ' (to surround, enclose) with suffix 'kta'.
Root: veṣṭ (class 1)
Note: Refers to 'ete' (these beings).
कर्महेतुना (karmahetunā) - by the cause of their actions (karma) (by the cause of actions, due to actions)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of karmahetu
karmahetu - the cause of action, motive for action, karma as a cause
Compound type : tatpurusha (karma+hetu)
- karma – action, deed, work, ritual, fate, result of actions
noun (neuter) - hetu – cause, reason, motive, instrument
noun (masculine)
अन्तःसंज्ञा (antaḥsaṁjñā) - inner consciousness (inner consciousness, internal perception, sensation, inner knowledge)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of antaḥsaṃjñā
antaḥsaṁjñā - internal perception, inner consciousness, sensation, inner knowledge
Derived from 'antar' (inside) and 'saṃjñā' (consciousness, knowledge).
Compound type : tatpurusha (antar+saṃjñā)
- antar – within, inside, inner
indeclinable - saṃjñā – consciousness, knowledge, perception, name, designation
noun (feminine)
Prefix: sam
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Predicative nominative with 'bhavanti', agreeing with 'ete'.
भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they develop / they become (they become, they are, they exist)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Present indicative, 3rd person plural.
Root: bhū (class 1)
एते (ete) - these (beings) (these (masculine nominative plural))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etas
etas - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)
Nominative plural masculine form of 'etas'.
Note: Refers to the implied subject, 'beings'.
सुखदुःखसमन्विताः (sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ) - experiencing both pleasure and pain (endowed with pleasure and pain, accompanied by happiness and sorrow)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhaduḥkhasamanvita
sukhaduḥkhasamanvita - accompanied by pleasure and pain, experiencing happiness and sorrow
Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (sukha+duḥkha+samanvita)
- sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease, joy
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering, misery
noun (neuter) - samanvita – accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'anv' with 'sam' prefix and suffix 'kta'.
Prefix: sam
Root: anv (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'ete' and 'antaḥsaṃjñā'.