मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-23
अग्निवायुरविभ्यस्तु त्रयं ब्रह्म सनातनम ।
दुदोह यज्ञसिद्ध्यर्थं ऋच ॥२३॥
दुदोह यज्ञसिद्ध्यर्थं ऋच ॥२३॥
23. agnivāyuravibhyastu trayaṁ brahma sanātanam ,
dudoha yajñasiddhyarthaṁ ṛc.
dudoha yajñasiddhyarthaṁ ṛc.
23.
agnivāyuravibhyaḥ tu trayam brahma
sanātanam dudoha yajñasiddhyartham ṛc
sanātanam dudoha yajñasiddhyartham ṛc
23.
saḥ agnivāyuravibhyaḥ tu yajñasiddhyartham
sanātanam brahma trayam ṛc dudoha
sanātanam brahma trayam ṛc dudoha
23.
From Agni, Vāyu, and Ravi (the Sun god), he indeed extracted the eternal triad of sacred knowledge (brahman) — the Rig Veda (ṛc) — for the accomplishment of the Vedic ritual (yajña).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अग्निवायुरविभ्यः (agnivāyuravibhyaḥ) - from Agni, Vāyu, and Ravi (the Sun god)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
- त्रयम् (trayam) - the triad (of Vedas) (the triad, the three)
- ब्रह्म (brahma) - the sacred knowledge (brahman), referring to the Veda (the Veda, sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality (brahman))
- सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, everlasting, ancient
- दुदोह (dudoha) - he milked, extracted
- यज्ञसिद्ध्यर्थम् (yajñasiddhyartham) - for the accomplishment of the Vedic ritual (yajña) (for the accomplishment of the Vedic ritual)
- ऋच् (ṛc) - the Rig Veda (as sacred knowledge) (a verse, a Rig Vedic hymn, the Rig Veda)
Words meanings and morphology
अग्निवायुरविभ्यः (agnivāyuravibhyaḥ) - from Agni, Vāyu, and Ravi (the Sun god)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of agnivāyuravi
agnivāyuravi - Agni, Vāyu, and Ravi (the Sun god)
Compound type : dvandva (agni+vāyu+ravi)
- agni – fire, fire god
noun (masculine) - vāyu – wind, wind god
noun (masculine)
Root: vā (class 2) - ravi – sun, sun god
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the three primary deities from whom the Vedic knowledge was extracted.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
Note: Used as a particle for emphasis or transition.
त्रयम् (trayam) - the triad (of Vedas) (the triad, the three)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of traya
traya - triad, group of three
Note: Refers to the three Vedas: Rig, Yajur, and Sama.
ब्रह्म (brahma) - the sacred knowledge (brahman), referring to the Veda (the Veda, sacred knowledge, the ultimate reality (brahman))
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman
brahman - sacred utterance, prayer, Veda, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality
Root: bṛh (class 1)
Note: Here, 'brahman' denotes the entire body of Vedic knowledge, especially the three primary Vedas.
सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, everlasting, ancient
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sanātana
sanātana - eternal, everlasting, perpetual, ancient, primeval
From sanā 'always, eternally' + tana suffix.
Note: Qualifies 'trayam brahma'.
दुदोह (dudoha) - he milked, extracted
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of duh
Perfect tense
3rd person singular, perfect active, parasmaipada of root √duh.
Root: duh (class 2)
Note: The subject is implicit, referring to the Creator.
यज्ञसिद्ध्यर्थम् (yajñasiddhyartham) - for the accomplishment of the Vedic ritual (yajña) (for the accomplishment of the Vedic ritual)
(indeclinable)
Compound ending in -artham (for the sake of, for the purpose of) functioning as an adverb.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+siddhi+artha)
- yajña – Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice
noun (masculine)
Derived from √yaj 'to worship, sacrifice'.
Root: yaj (class 1) - siddhi – accomplishment, success, perfection
noun (feminine)
Derived from √sidh 'to accomplish'.
Root: sidh (class 1) - artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
noun (masculine)
Note: Adverbial usage indicating purpose.
ऋच् (ṛc) - the Rig Veda (as sacred knowledge) (a verse, a Rig Vedic hymn, the Rig Veda)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of ṛc
ṛc - verse, sacred text, hymn, particularly of the Rig Veda
Note: Though grammatically singular, in this context it collectively refers to the Rig Veda, being the first part of the traditional triad (Rig, Yajur, Sāma) that makes up the 'trayam brahma'.