मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-53
तस्मिन स्वपिति तु स्वस्थे कर्मात्मानः शरीरिणः ।
स्वकर्मभ्यो निवर्तन्ते मनश्च ग्लानिमृच्छति ॥५३॥
स्वकर्मभ्यो निवर्तन्ते मनश्च ग्लानिमृच्छति ॥५३॥
53. tasmin svapiti tu svasthe karmātmānaḥ śarīriṇaḥ ,
svakarmabhyo nivartante manaśca glānimṛcchati.
svakarmabhyo nivartante manaśca glānimṛcchati.
53.
tasmin svapiti tu svasthe karmātmānaḥ śarīriṇaḥ
svakarmabhyaḥ nivartante manaḥ ca glānim ṛcchati
svakarmabhyaḥ nivartante manaḥ ca glānim ṛcchati
53.
tu svasthe tasmin svapiti,
karmātmānaḥ śarīriṇaḥ svakarmabhyaḥ nivartante ca manaḥ glānim ṛcchati
karmātmānaḥ śarīriṇaḥ svakarmabhyaḥ nivartante ca manaḥ glānim ṛcchati
53.
But when that supreme being sleeps, being tranquil, the embodied beings whose essence is their actions (karma) cease from their activities, and the mind attains weariness.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (supreme being) (in him, in that, at that time)
- स्वपिति (svapiti) - (the supreme being) sleeps (sleeps)
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
- स्वस्थे (svasthe) - being tranquil (tranquil, at ease, healthy)
- कर्मात्मानः (karmātmānaḥ) - embodied beings whose essence is their actions (karma) (whose essence is action, whose nature is action)
- शरीरिणः (śarīriṇaḥ) - embodied beings (embodied beings, living creatures)
- स्वकर्मभ्यः (svakarmabhyaḥ) - from their activities (from their own actions, from their own duties)
- निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - cease from (their activities) (they cease, they desist, they return from)
- मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (mind, intellect, heart)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- ग्लानिम् (glānim) - weariness (weariness, exhaustion, lassitude, depression)
- ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains (attains, goes to, reaches)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (supreme being) (in him, in that, at that time)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the supreme being mentioned in the preceding verses of Manu Smriti.
स्वपिति (svapiti) - (the supreme being) sleeps (sleeps)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of svap
present active
root class 2, parasmaipada
Root: svap (class 2)
Note: Refers to the period of cosmic dissolution.
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle indicating emphasis or contrast.
स्वस्थे (svasthe) - being tranquil (tranquil, at ease, healthy)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of svastha
svastha - healthy, at ease, tranquil, calm, in one's natural state
Note: Qualifies 'tasmin'.
कर्मात्मानः (karmātmānaḥ) - embodied beings whose essence is their actions (karma) (whose essence is action, whose nature is action)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of karmātman
karmātman - whose nature is action, whose essence is karma
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (karman+ātman)
- karman – action, deed, work, ritual
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Refers to living beings driven by their actions (karma).
शरीरिणः (śarīriṇaḥ) - embodied beings (embodied beings, living creatures)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śarīrin
śarīrin - having a body, embodied, living being, creature
Derived from śarīra (body) with -in suffix.
Note: Subject of 'nivartante'.
स्वकर्मभ्यः (svakarmabhyaḥ) - from their activities (from their own actions, from their own duties)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, plural of svakarman
svakarman - one's own action, one's own duty
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karman)
- sva – own, one's own
adjective (masculine) - karman – action, deed, work, ritual
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Governed by 'nivartante'.
निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - cease from (their activities) (they cease, they desist, they return from)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of nivṛt
present middle
root class 1, ātmanepada
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Indicates the cessation of worldly activities during cosmic dissolution.
मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (mind, intellect, heart)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, thought, heart, consciousness
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Another subject of a parallel action.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the two clauses.
ग्लानिम् (glānim) - weariness (weariness, exhaustion, lassitude, depression)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of glāni
glāni - weariness, exhaustion, languor, lassitude, depression
Derived from root glā (to be weary).
Root: glā (class 2)
Note: Object of 'ṛcchati'.
ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains (attains, goes to, reaches)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛch
present active
root class 6, parasmaipada
Root: ṛch (class 6)
Note: Verb for the mind's state.