मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-1, verse-55
तमोऽयं तु समाश्रित्य चिरं तिष्ठति सैन्द्रियः ।
न च स्वं कुरुते कर्म तदोत्क्रामति मूर्तितः ॥५५॥
न च स्वं कुरुते कर्म तदोत्क्रामति मूर्तितः ॥५५॥
55. tamo'yaṁ tu samāśritya ciraṁ tiṣṭhati saindriyaḥ ,
na ca svaṁ kurute karma tadotkrāmati mūrtitaḥ.
na ca svaṁ kurute karma tadotkrāmati mūrtitaḥ.
55.
tamaḥ ayam tu samāśritya ciram tiṣṭhati saindriyaḥ
na ca svam kurute karma tadā utkrāmati mūrtitaḥ
na ca svam kurute karma tadā utkrāmati mūrtitaḥ
55.
tu ayam tamaḥ samāśritya,
saindriyaḥ ciram tiṣṭhati,
ca svam karma na kurute,
tadā mūrtitaḥ utkrāmati
saindriyaḥ ciram tiṣṭhati,
ca svam karma na kurute,
tadā mūrtitaḥ utkrāmati
55.
But this (soul), taking refuge in darkness, remains for a long time with its senses, and performs no action (karma) of its own; then it departs from its body.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (of ignorance) (darkness, ignorance, inertia)
- अयम् (ayam) - this (individual soul) (this, he)
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
- समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - taking refuge in (having taken refuge in, having resorted to, having adopted)
- चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)
- तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains (stands, remains, stays)
- सैन्द्रियः (saindriyaḥ) - with its senses (with the senses, having sense organs)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- स्वम् (svam) - its own (one's own, personal)
- कुरुते (kurute) - performs (performs, does, makes)
- कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work)
- तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)
- उत्क्रामति (utkrāmati) - departs (departs, goes forth, ascends)
- मूर्तितः (mūrtitaḥ) - from its body (from the body, from the form, from the figure)
Words meanings and morphology
तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (of ignorance) (darkness, ignorance, inertia)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas
tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas
Root: tam (class 4)
Note: Refers to the state of ignorance or inactivity.
अयम् (ayam) - this (individual soul) (this, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one, he
Note: Refers to the individual soul (jīva).
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle for emphasis or contrast.
समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - taking refuge in (having taken refuge in, having resorted to, having adopted)
(indeclinable)
gerund
Derived from root śri with prefixes sam-ā.
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: śri (class 1)
Note: Adverbial participle.
चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial use.
तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains (stands, remains, stays)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sthā
present active
root class 1, parasmaipada
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Main verb of the first clause.
सैन्द्रियः (saindriyaḥ) - with its senses (with the senses, having sense organs)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saindriya
saindriya - with the senses, having sense organs
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+indriya)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
noun (neuter)
Root: ind (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'ayam'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'kurute'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects clauses.
स्वम् (svam) - its own (one's own, personal)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sva
sva - own, one's own, proper
Note: Qualifies 'karma'.
कुरुते (kurute) - performs (performs, does, makes)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ
present middle
root class 8, ātmanepada
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Verb for performing actions.
कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karman
karman - action, deed, work, ritual
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of 'kurute'.
तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb indicating sequence.
उत्क्रामति (utkrāmati) - departs (departs, goes forth, ascends)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of utkram
present active
root class 1, parasmaipada
Prefix: ud
Root: kram (class 1)
Note: Refers to the soul leaving the body.
मूर्तितः (mūrtitaḥ) - from its body (from the body, from the form, from the figure)
(indeclinable)
Ablative suffix -tas added to mūrti, forming an adverbial indeclinable.
Root: mūrch (class 1)
Note: Indicates separation from the body.