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8,45

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-66

चोदयाश्वान्हृषीकेश विगाह्यैतं रथार्णवम् ।
अजातशत्रुं राजानं द्रष्टुमिच्छामि केशव ॥६६॥
66. codayāśvānhṛṣīkeśa vigāhyaitaṁ rathārṇavam ,
ajātaśatruṁ rājānaṁ draṣṭumicchāmi keśava.
66. codaya aśvān hṛṣīkeśa vigāhya etam ratha-arṇavam
ajātaśatrum rājānam draṣṭum icchāmi keśava
66. hṛṣīkeśa,
aśvān codaya etam ratha-arṇavam vigāhya,
keśava,
rājānam ajātaśatrum draṣṭum icchāmi
66. “O Hrishikesha, drive the horses! Having penetrated this ocean of chariots, I wish to see King Ajatashatru (Yudhishthira), O Keshava.”

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • चोदय (codaya) - drive, urge, impel
  • अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses
  • हृषीकेश (hṛṣīkeśa) - O Hrishikesha ('lord of the senses', an epithet of Krishna)
  • विगाह्य (vigāhya) - having entered, having plunged into, having penetrated
  • एतम् (etam) - this
  • रथ-अर्णवम् (ratha-arṇavam) - ocean of chariots
  • अजातशत्रुम् (ajātaśatrum) - Yudhishthira (Ajatashatru ('he who has no enemies', an epithet of Yudhishthira))
  • राजानम् (rājānam) - king
  • द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, to perceive
  • इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire
  • केशव (keśava) - O Keshava ('having fine hair', or 'slayer of Keshi', an epithet of Krishna)

Words meanings and morphology

चोदय (codaya) - drive, urge, impel
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of cud
Root 'cud' (to urge) in imperative 2nd singular active, causative stem
Root: cud (class 10)
अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva
aśva - horse
हृषीकेश (hṛṣīkeśa) - O Hrishikesha ('lord of the senses', an epithet of Krishna)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of hṛṣīkeśa
hṛṣīkeśa - lord of the senses, master of the senses; an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣīka+īśa)
  • hṛṣīka – sense, organ of sense
    noun (neuter)
  • īśa – lord, master, ruler
    noun (masculine)
    Root: īś (class 2)
Note: Addressed to Krishna.
विगाह्य (vigāhya) - having entered, having plunged into, having penetrated
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Absolutive form from root 'gāh' (to plunge, enter) with prefix 'vi'
Prefix: vi
Root: gāh (class 1)
एतम् (etam) - this
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Agrees with 'ratha-arṇavam'.
रथ-अर्णवम् (ratha-arṇavam) - ocean of chariots
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha-arṇava
ratha-arṇava - ocean of chariots (a metaphorical compound)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+arṇava)
  • ratha – chariot, car
    noun (masculine)
  • arṇava – ocean, sea; flood, stream
    noun (masculine)
अजातशत्रुम् (ajātaśatrum) - Yudhishthira (Ajatashatru ('he who has no enemies', an epithet of Yudhishthira))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ajātaśatru
ajātaśatru - he whose enemies are unborn, having no enemies; an epithet of Yudhishthira
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jāta+śatru)
  • a – not, non-
    indeclinable
  • jāta – born, produced, arisen
    adjective (masculine)
    Past Passive Participle
    PPP of root 'jan' (to be born)
    Root: jan (class 4)
  • śatru – enemy, foe
    noun (masculine)
राजानम् (rājānam) - king
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Note: Refers to Yudhishthira, specified by 'ajātaśatrum'.
द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, to perceive
(verb)
infinitive
Infinitive form of root 'dṛś' (to see)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ
Root 'iṣ' (to wish) in present 1st singular active
Root: iṣ (class 6)
केशव (keśava) - O Keshava ('having fine hair', or 'slayer of Keshi', an epithet of Krishna)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava
keśava - having long or beautiful hair; name of Vishnu/Krishna (slayer of the demon Keshi)
Note: Addressed to Krishna.