महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-50

ततो जनार्दनः प्रायाद्द्रष्टुमिच्छन्युधिष्ठिरम् ।
श्रमेण ग्राहयिष्यंश्च कर्णं युद्धेन मारिष ॥५०॥

50. tato janārdanaḥ prāyāddraṣṭumicchanyudhiṣṭhiram ,
śrameṇa grāhayiṣyaṁśca karṇaṁ yuddhena māriṣa.

50. tataḥ janārdanaḥ prāyāt draṣṭum icchan yudhiṣṭhiram
śrameṇa grāhayiṣyan ca karṇam yuddhena māriṣa

50. māriṣa tataḥ janārdanaḥ yudhiṣṭhiram draṣṭum icchan
ca yuddhena śrameṇa karṇam grāhayiṣyan prāyāt

50. Then Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa) set forth, desiring to see Yudhiṣṭhira and intending to have Karṇa overcome through battle and his exertion, O venerable one.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa/Viṣṇu))

• प्रायात् (prāyāt) - he went, he proceeded

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, to behold

• इच्छन् (icchan) - (he) desiring (wishing, desiring)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by effort, by fatigue, by toil

• ग्राहयिष्यन् (grāhayiṣyan) - intending to cause Karṇa to be seized or overcome (intending to cause to seize/capture, intending to cause to be overcome)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle, by fighting

• मारिष (māriṣa) - (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya) (O venerable one, O respected one)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time/place.

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa/Viṣṇu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - agitator of men, punisher of men; an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

From jana (people) + ardana (agitating, punishing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+ardana)

• jana – people, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
• ardana – paining, tormenting, agitating, destroying
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ard (to torment, kill).
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Subject of prāyāt.

प्रायात् (prāyāt) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of yā

Aorist tense

From root √yā (2nd class) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, to behold

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इच्छन् (icchan) - (he) desiring (wishing, desiring)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of iṣ

iṣ - to wish, desire, seek

Present Active Participle

From root √iṣ (6th class), with present participle suffix -at.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle (Yudhiṣṭhira), a proper name

From yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm). Aluk-tatpuruṣa compound, retaining the locative ending 'i'.

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of draṣṭum.

श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by effort, by fatigue, by toil

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śrama

śrama - effort, exertion, fatigue, toil, weariness

From root √śram (to be weary).

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Agent/means for the causative action of grāhayiṣyan.

ग्राहयिष्यन् (grāhayiṣyan) - intending to cause Karṇa to be seized or overcome (intending to cause to seize/capture, intending to cause to be overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grah

grah - to seize, grasp, take, capture

Future Active Participle (causative)

Future participle of the causative form of root √grah (9th class). The causative stem is grāhay-.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: From causative root grāh-.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two purposes/actions.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name), ear

Note: Object of grāhayiṣyan.

युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle, by fighting

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Means by which Karṇa is to be overcome.

मारिष (māriṣa) - (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya) (O venerable one, O respected one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable man, respected man (often used in addresses in dramas or narratives)