महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-63

ततोऽब्रवीदर्जुनो भीमसेनं संशप्तकाः प्रत्यनीकं स्थिता मे ।
एतानहत्वा न मया तु शक्यमितोऽपयातुं रिपुसंघगोष्ठात् ॥६३॥

63. tato'bravīdarjuno bhīmasenaṁ; saṁśaptakāḥ pratyanīkaṁ sthitā me ,
etānahatvā na mayā tu śakya;mito'payātuṁ ripusaṁghagoṣṭhāt.

63. tataḥ abravīt arjunaḥ bhīmasenam
saṃśaptakāḥ pratyanīkam sthitāḥ
me etān ahatvā na mayā tu śakyam
itaḥ apayātum ripu-saṅgha-goṣṭhāt

63. tataḥ arjunaḥ bhīmasenam abravīt
me saṃśaptakāḥ pratyanīkam sthitāḥ
etān ahatvā mayā ripu-saṅgha-goṣṭhāt
itaḥ apayātum tu na śakyam

63. Then Arjuna said to Bhimasena, "The Samsaptakas stand directly opposite me. It is not possible for me to leave this assembly of enemies without having killed them."

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - to Bhimasena

• संशप्तकाः (saṁśaptakāḥ) - Samsaptakas (a specific group of warriors who swore to conquer or die)

• प्रत्यनीकम् (pratyanīkam) - directly opposite (opposite, hostile, hostile army, against)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing, situated, placed

• मे (me) - to me (indicating 'against me') (to me, for me, my)

• एतान् (etān) - these

• अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without having killed

• न (na) - not

• मया (mayā) - by me

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hence

• अपयातुम् (apayātum) - to depart, to go away

• रिपु-सङ्घ-गोष्ठात् (ripu-saṅgha-goṣṭhāt) - from the assembly of the multitude of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad' with suffix '-tas'

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

root 'brū' in imperfect 3rd singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, clear; peacock

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - to Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava prince)

संशप्तकाः (saṁśaptakāḥ) - Samsaptakas (a specific group of warriors who swore to conquer or die)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptaka

saṁśaptaka - one who has sworn an oath, especially to conquer or die; the Samsaptakas (a warrior group)

Prefix: sam

Root: śap (class 1)

प्रत्यनीकम् (pratyanīkam) - directly opposite (opposite, hostile, hostile army, against)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratyanīka

pratyanīka - hostile, opposite, hostile army, against

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+anīka)

• prati – against, towards, in return
  indeclinable
• anīka – army, host, battle array
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing, situated, placed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, placed, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśaptakāḥ'.

मे (me) - to me (indicating 'against me') (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I

Note: Enclitic form of mad (dative/genitive singular).

एतान् (etān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to 'saṃśaptakāḥ'.

अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without having killed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Negated absolutive from root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I

Note: Agent for the passive construction 'śakyam'.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, however

(indeclinable)

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable

Gerundive

From root 'śak' (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Used impersonally in the sense 'it is possible'.

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hence

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'i' with suffix '-tas'

अपयातुम् (apayātum) - to depart, to go away

(verb)

infinitive

Infinitive form of 'apa-√yā' (to go away)

Prefix: apa

Root: yā (class 2)

रिपु-सङ्घ-गोष्ठात् (ripu-saṅgha-goṣṭhāt) - from the assembly of the multitude of enemies

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ripu-saṅgha-goṣṭha

ripu-saṅgha-goṣṭha - assembly of the multitude of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ripu+saṅgha+goṣṭha)

• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• saṅgha – multitude, collection, group, assembly
  noun (masculine)
• goṣṭha – assembly, gathering, meeting place, cowshed
  noun (masculine)