महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-12

ततोऽर्जुनं महाराज द्रौणिरायम्य पत्रिणा ।
वक्षोदेशे समासाद्य ताडयामास संयुगे ॥१२॥

12. tato'rjunaṁ mahārāja drauṇirāyamya patriṇā ,
vakṣodeśe samāsādya tāḍayāmāsa saṁyuge.

12. tataḥ arjunam mahārāja drauṇiḥ āyamya patrinā
vakṣodeśe samāsādya tāḍayāmāsa saṃyuge

12. mahārāja tataḥ drauṇiḥ patrinā āyamya
vakṣodeśe arjunam samāsādya saṃyuge tāḍayāmāsa

12. Then, O great king, Drauni, having drawn his bow and placed an arrow (patrin), struck Arjuna in the region of the chest (vakṣodeśa) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressed to Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauni, son of Drona

• आयम्य (āyamya) - having stretched, having drawn

• पत्रिना (patrinā) - with an arrow, with a feathered shaft

• वक्षोदेशे (vakṣodeśe) - in the region of the chest

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having struck, having approached

• ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - he struck, he hit

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad with -tas suffix

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a hero); white, clear

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (addressed to Dhritarashtra) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauni, son of Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman

Derived from Droṇa + i (patronymic)

आयम्य (āyamya) - having stretched, having drawn

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root yam with ā prefix and -ya suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

पत्रिना (patrinā) - with an arrow, with a feathered shaft

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patrin

patrin - arrow (lit. having feathers/wings); winged, feathered

Note: Used to imply 'with an arrow (from a bow he drew)'.

वक्षोदेशे (vakṣodeśe) - in the region of the chest

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vakṣodeśa

vakṣodeśa - chest region, breast area

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vakṣas+deśa)

• vakṣas – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)
• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having struck, having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sad with sam and ā prefixes and -ya suffix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - he struck, he hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of tāḍayāmāsa

Periphrastic perfect 3rd singular active, from causative of root taḍ

Root: taḍ (class 10)

Note: Periphrastic perfect formation.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, war