महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-59

अर्जुन उवाच ।
तस्माद्भवाञ्शीघ्रमितः प्रयातु राज्ञः प्रवृत्त्यै कुरुसत्तमस्य ।
नूनं हि विद्धोऽतिभृशं पृषत्कैः कर्णेन राजा शिबिरं गतोऽसौ ॥५९॥

59. arjuna uvāca ,
tasmādbhavāñśīghramitaḥ prayātu; rājñaḥ pravṛttyai kurusattamasya ,
nūnaṁ hi viddho'tibhṛśaṁ pṛṣatkaiḥ; karṇena rājā śibiraṁ gato'sau.

59. arjuna uvāca | tasmāt bhavān śīghram
itaḥ prayātu rājñaḥ pravṛttyai kurusattamasya
| nūnaṃ hi viddhaḥ atibhṛśaṃ
pṛṣatkaiḥ karṇena rājā śibiraṃ gataḥ asau

59. arjuna uvāca tasmāt bhavān itaḥ śīghram
kurusattamasya rājñaḥ pravṛttyai
prayātu hi nūnaṃ asau rājā karṇena
pṛṣatkaiḥ atibhṛśaṃ viddhaḥ śibiraṃ gataḥ

59. Arjuna said: Therefore, you should quickly go from here to ascertain the condition of the king, the best among the Kurus. Indeed, that king, having been struck very severely by Karna with arrows, has surely gone back to the camp.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• भवान् (bhavān) - you, referring to Bhima (you (honorific), Sir)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, from this place

• प्रयातु (prayātu) - may he go, let him go, he should go

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of King Yudhishthira (of the king)

• प्रवृत्त्यै (pravṛttyai) - for the state, for the news, for the report, for the condition

• कुरुसत्तमस्य (kurusattamasya) - of Yudhishthira, who is the best among the Kuru lineage (of the best of the Kurus)

• नूनं (nūnaṁ) - surely, certainly, indeed

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, struck, wounded

• अतिभृशं (atibhṛśaṁ) - very much, exceedingly, severely

• पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - by arrows

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhishthira (king)

• शिबिरं (śibiraṁ) - to the camp

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

• असौ (asau) - that king, Yudhishthira (that (one), he)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a celebrated hero of the Mahabharata); white, clear, silver

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Root vac takes irregular perfect forms like uvāca.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an indeclinable meaning 'therefore'.

भवान् (bhavān) - you, referring to Bhima (you (honorific), Sir)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), Sir, being, existing

Present Active Participle

Present participle of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, from this place

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'idam' often used as an indeclinable

प्रयातु (prayātu) - may he go, let him go, he should go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prayā

Imperative

Imperative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of King Yudhishthira (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

प्रवृत्त्यै (pravṛttyai) - for the state, for the news, for the report, for the condition

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, news, information, state, condition

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कुरुसत्तमस्य (kurusattamasya) - of Yudhishthira, who is the best among the Kuru lineage (of the best of the Kurus)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kurusattama

kurusattama - best among the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – a member of the Kuru dynasty; name of an ancient kingdom
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'sat' (good)

Note: Refers to King Yudhishthira in this context.

नूनं (nūnaṁ) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, struck, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From root vyadh

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Derived from √vyadh (to pierce, strike).

अतिभृशं (atibhṛśaṁ) - very much, exceedingly, severely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

पृषत्कैः (pṛṣatkaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣatka

pṛṣatka - arrow

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a great warrior in the Mahabharata)

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhishthira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शिबिरं (śibiraṁ) - to the camp

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śibira

śibira - camp, encampment

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'rājā' as the subject.

असौ (asau) - that king, Yudhishthira (that (one), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, he, she, it

Note: Emphatic pronoun, refers to the king.