महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-48

सुतीक्ष्णं चोदयन्नश्वान्प्रेक्षते मां मुहुर्मुहुः ।
न च पश्यामि समरे कर्णस्य प्रपलायितम् ॥४८॥

48. sutīkṣṇaṁ codayannaśvānprekṣate māṁ muhurmuhuḥ ,
na ca paśyāmi samare karṇasya prapalāyitam.

48. sutīkṣṇam codayan aśvān prekṣate mām muhurmuhuḥ
na ca paśyāmi samare karṇasya prapalāyitam

48. sutīkṣṇam aśvān codayan muhurmuhuḥ mām prekṣate
ca samare karṇasya prapalāyitam na paśyāmi

48. He, fiercely urging his horses, repeatedly looks at me. And I do not see any fleeing (prapalāyitam) of Karṇa in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सुतीक्ष्णम् (sutīkṣṇam) - very sharply, fiercely (as an adverb modifying codayan) (very sharp, very keen, fiercely)

• चोदयन् (codayan) - (he) urging (his horses) (urging, driving, impelling)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• प्रेक्षते (prekṣate) - he looks, he observes, he sees

• माम् (mām) - me

• मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karṇa

• प्रपलायितम् (prapalāyitam) - flight, fleeing, escape

Words meanings and morphology

सुतीक्ष्णम् (sutīkṣṇam) - very sharply, fiercely (as an adverb modifying codayan) (very sharp, very keen, fiercely)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sutīkṣṇa

sutīkṣṇa - very sharp, very keen, fierce, intense

Derived from su- (good, very) and tīkṣṇa (sharp).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tīkṣṇa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, fierce
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially.

चोदयन् (codayan) - (he) urging (his horses) (urging, driving, impelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cud

cud - to urge, impel, animate, incite

Present Active Participle

From causative of root √cud (to stir), with present participle suffix -at.

Root: cud (class 10)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of codayan.

प्रेक्षते (prekṣate) - he looks, he observes, he sees

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of īkṣ

Present tense

From root √īkṣ (1st class, ātmanepada) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of prekṣate.

मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again

(indeclinable)

Reduplicative adverb.

Note: Adverb modifying prekṣate.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present tense

From root √dṛś, 1st class (present stem paśya-).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The speaker is Arjuna.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

From saṃ- √mṛ (to die), 'where people die together'.

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛ (class 1)

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name), ear

Note: Possessive of prapalāyitam.

प्रपलायितम् (prapalāyitam) - flight, fleeing, escape

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prapalāyita

prapalāyita - fled, run away, flight, escape

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root √palāy (to flee) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: palāy (class 1)

Note: Object of paśyāmi.