महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-53

गच्छन्नेव तु कौन्तेयो धर्मराजदिदृक्षया ।
सैन्यमालोकयामास नापश्यत्तत्र चाग्रजम् ॥५३॥

53. gacchanneva tu kaunteyo dharmarājadidṛkṣayā ,
sainyamālokayāmāsa nāpaśyattatra cāgrajam.

53. gacchan eva tu kaunteyaḥ dharmarājadidṛkṣayā
sainyam ālokayāmāsa na apaśyat tatra ca agrajam

53. gacchan eva tu kaunteyaḥ dharmarājadidṛkṣayā sainyam ālokayāmāsa,
ca tatra agrajam na apaśyat.

53. As he went, the son of Kunti (Arjuna), eager to see Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira), indeed surveyed the army, but he did not see his elder brother there.

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छन् (gacchan) - while going (going, moving)

• एव (eva) - indeed (just, only, indeed, certainly)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kunti)

• धर्मराजदिदृक्षया (dharmarājadidṛkṣayā) - with the desire to see King Yudhiṣṭhira (with the desire to see Dharmarāja)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• आलोकयामास (ālokayāmāsa) - he looked at, he surveyed, he perceived

• न (na) - not, no

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he did not see (he saw (not))

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• च (ca) - and, also

• अग्रजम् (agrajam) - his elder brother (Yudhiṣṭhira) (elder brother, first-born)

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छन् (gacchan) - while going (going, moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) in present active participle form.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as a participle modifying 'kaunteyaḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed (just, only, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction or emphatic particle.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti

Derived from Kuntī with patronymic suffix 'eya'.

धर्मराजदिदृक्षया (dharmarājadidṛkṣayā) - with the desire to see King Yudhiṣṭhira (with the desire to see Dharmarāja)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dharmarājadidṛkṣā

dharmarājadidṛkṣā - desire to see Dharmarāja

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharmarāja+didṛkṣā)

• dharmarāja – king of dharma (natural law), Yudhiṣṭhira, Yama
  proper noun (masculine)
• didṛkṣā – desire to see, longing to see
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with desiderative suffix '-san' and feminine suffix '-ā'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: 'Dharmarāja' here refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - relating to an army, army, host

Derived from 'senā' (army).

आलोकयामास (ālokayāmāsa) - he looked at, he surveyed, he perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of lok

Perfect tense (liṭ) from root 'lok' (10th class) with prefix 'ā-' and 'āmāsa' periphrastic perfect ending.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - he did not see (he saw (not))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect tense (laṅ) from root 'dṛś', 3rd person singular, with 'a' augment.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अग्रजम् (agrajam) - his elder brother (Yudhiṣṭhira) (elder brother, first-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agraja

agraja - first-born, elder brother

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+ja)

• agra – foremost, first, front, top
  adjective (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.