महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-2

तमापतन्तं सहसा शूरः शौरिसहायवान् ।
दधार सहसा पार्थो वेलेव मकरालयम् ॥२॥

2. tamāpatantaṁ sahasā śūraḥ śaurisahāyavān ,
dadhāra sahasā pārtho veleva makarālayam.

2. tam āpatantam sahasā śūraḥ śaurisahayavān
dadhāra sahasā pārthaḥ velā iva makarālayam

2. śūraḥ śaurisahayavān pārthaḥ sahasā āpatantam
tam velā makarālayam iva sahasā dadhāra

2. The heroic Pṛthā's son (Arjuna), aided by Śauri (Kṛṣṇa), swiftly checked that approaching foe (Aśvatthāman) just as a shore holds back the ocean (makarālaya).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Aśvatthāman) (him)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - that approaching foe (attacking, rushing, falling upon)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, swiftly, forcefully

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, warrior, valorous one

• शौरिसहयवान् (śaurisahayavān) - aided by Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) (having Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) as an aid/companion)

• दधार (dadhāra) - held, checked, stopped, bore

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, swiftly, forcefully

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna) (son of Pṛthā)

• वेला (velā) - shore, bank, limit

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• मकरालयम् (makarālayam) - abode of makaras (ocean)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Aśvatthāman) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - that approaching foe (attacking, rushing, falling upon)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pat

pat - to fall, fly, drop, rush, attack

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used as an adjective, agreeing with 'tam'.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, swiftly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, warrior, valorous one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, valiant, brave

शौरिसहयवान् (śaurisahayavān) - aided by Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) (having Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) as an aid/companion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaurisahayavat

śaurisahayavat - having Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) as a companion/aid

Bahuvrīhi compound with 'vat' suffix for possession.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śauri+sahāya+vat)

• śauri – descendant of Śūra, i.e., Kṛṣṇa
  proper noun (masculine)
• sahāya – companion, helper, aid
  noun (masculine)
• vat – having, possessing (suffix)
  indeclinable
  Suffix used to form adjectives denoting possession.

Note: Agrees with 'pārthaḥ'.

दधार (dadhāra) - held, checked, stopped, bore

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, swiftly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna) (son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, or Arjuna, but most commonly Arjuna

वेला (velā) - shore, bank, limit

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - shore, bank, coast, limit, boundary

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

मकरालयम् (makarālayam) - abode of makaras (ocean)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of makarālaya

makarālaya - abode of makaras (sea monsters), i.e., the ocean

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (makara+ālaya)

• makara – sea monster, crocodile, a type of mythical aquatic creature
  noun (masculine)
• ālaya – abode, dwelling, house
  noun (masculine)

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