महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-45, verse-18

अयच्छत्तुरगान्यच्च फल्गुनं चाप्ययोधयत् ।
तदस्य समरे राजन्सर्वे योधा अपूजयन् ॥१८॥

18. ayacchatturagānyacca phalgunaṁ cāpyayodhayat ,
tadasya samare rājansarve yodhā apūjayan.

18. ayacchat turagān yat ca Phalgunaṃ ca api ayodhayat
tat asya samare rājan sarve yodhāḥ apūjayan

18. rājan yat ca turagān ayacchat ca api Phalgunaṃ
ayodhayat tat asya samare sarve yodhāḥ apūjayan

18. And furthermore, he controlled the horses and also fought Arjuna. Therefore, O King, all the warriors praised this deed of his in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• अयच्छत् (ayacchat) - he skillfully controlled the chariot horses (he controlled, he restrained)

• तुरगान् (turagān) - the chariot horses (horses)

• यत् (yat) - and what is more, furthermore (as a conjunctive particle) (which, what, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• फल्गुनं (phalgunaṁ) - Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava warrior (Arjuna (another name))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also, in addition to controlling horses (also, even, too)

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he actively engaged in battle with (he fought, he caused to fight)

• तत् (tat) - that (action or feat of Drauṇi) (that, therefore)

• अस्य (asya) - his (Drauṇi's) (his, of this)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the warriors) (all, entire)

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - all warriors praised Drauṇi's valor (they praised, they honored, they worshipped)

Words meanings and morphology

अयच्छत् (ayacchat) - he skillfully controlled the chariot horses (he controlled, he restrained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yam

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of root 'yam'.

Root: yam (class 1)

तुरगान् (turagān) - the chariot horses (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (literally 'swift-moving')

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (tura+ga)

• tura – swift, quick
  adjective
• ga – going, moving (agent)
  adjective
  Agent Noun Suffix
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix '-a'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

यत् (yat) - and what is more, furthermore (as a conjunctive particle) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Functions as a conjunction here, introducing an additional point.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

फल्गुनं (phalgunaṁ) - Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava warrior (Arjuna (another name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Phalguna

Phalguna - Arjuna (name); a name for the month of Phālguna

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

अपि (api) - also, in addition to controlling horses (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the dual capacity shown by Drauṇi.

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he actively engaged in battle with (he fought, he caused to fight)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect Active, Causative/Denominative

3rd person singular imperfect active of causative/denominative stem of root 'yudh'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Root 'yudh' with augment 'a-' for imperfect.

तत् (tat) - that (action or feat of Drauṇi) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Functions as a demonstrative pronoun, referring to the entire action just described.

अस्य (asya) - his (Drauṇi's) (his, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Drauṇi.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the warriors) (all, entire)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Functions adjectivally with 'yodhāḥ'.

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

From root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

अपूजयन् (apūjayan) - all warriors praised Drauṇi's valor (they praised, they honored, they worshipped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural imperfect active of root 'pūj'.

Root: pūj (class 10)