महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-69, verse-51

देवा ऊचुः ।
प्रमर्दितानां वृत्रेण देवानां देवसत्तम ।
गतिर्भव सुरश्रेष्ठ त्राहि नो महतो भयात् ॥५१॥

51. devā ūcuḥ ,
pramarditānāṁ vṛtreṇa devānāṁ devasattama ,
gatirbhava suraśreṣṭha trāhi no mahato bhayāt.

51. devāḥ ūcuḥ pramarditānām vṛtreṇa devānām devasattama
gatiḥ bhava suraśreṣṭha trāhi naḥ mahataḥ bhayāt

51. devāḥ ūcuḥ he devasattama he suraśreṣṭha vṛtreṇa
pramarditānām devānām gatiḥ bhava mahataḥ bhayāt naḥ trāhi

51. The gods said: "O foremost among the gods (devasattama), be the refuge for us gods who have been crushed by Vṛtra. O best among celestials (suraśreṣṭha), protect us from this great fear!"

Words meanings summery:

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, spoke

• प्रमर्दितानाम् (pramarditānām) - of those who are crushed, tormented, overpowered

• वृत्रेण (vṛtreṇa) - by Vṛtra

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• देवसत्तम (devasattama) - Refers to Brahma (O best among gods, O most excellent god)

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge, resort, movement, path

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• सुरश्रेष्ठ (suraśreṣṭha) - Refers to Brahma (O best among celestials, O chief of gods)

• त्राहि (trāhi) - protect, save

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us

• महतः (mahataḥ) - great, mighty

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

Words meanings and morphology

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

From √div (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, irregular root

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रमर्दितानाम् (pramarditānām) - of those who are crushed, tormented, overpowered

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pramardita

pramardita - crushed, overpowered, tormented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √mṛd (to crush) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛd (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'devānām'

वृत्रेण (vṛtreṇa) - by Vṛtra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (the asura)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'pramarditānām'

देवसत्तम (devasattama) - Refers to Brahma (O best among gods, O most excellent god)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of devasattama

devasattama - best among gods, most excellent god

Superlative form

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+sattama)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama added to 'sat' (good)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Address to Brahma

गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge, resort, movement, path

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, refuge, destination

Derived from root √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative with 'bhava'

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Command to Brahma

सुरश्रेष्ठ (suraśreṣṭha) - Refers to Brahma (O best among celestials, O chief of gods)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of suraśreṣṭha

suraśreṣṭha - best among gods, chief of gods

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+śreṣṭha)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  From √sū (to impel)
  Root: sū (class 2)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent)
  Root: praśas

Note: Address to Brahma

त्राहि (trāhi) - protect, save

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of trā

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Command to Brahma

नः (naḥ) - us, to us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of 'asmad' (first person pronoun)

महतः (mahataḥ) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhayāt'

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, dread

Derived from root √bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object from which protection is sought