महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-69, verse-20

सारथिः प्रवरः कृष्णः शीघ्राश्चास्य हयोत्तमाः ।
अल्पं च विवरं कृत्वा तूर्णं याति धनंजयः ॥२०॥

20. sārathiḥ pravaraḥ kṛṣṇaḥ śīghrāścāsya hayottamāḥ ,
alpaṁ ca vivaraṁ kṛtvā tūrṇaṁ yāti dhanaṁjayaḥ.

20. sārathiḥ pravaraḥ kṛṣṇaḥ śīghrāḥ ca asya hayottamāḥ
alpam ca vivaram kṛtvā tūrṇam yāti dhanaṃjayaḥ

20. kṛṣṇaḥ pravaraḥ sārathiḥ ca asya hayottamāḥ śīghrāḥ
dhanaṃjayaḥ alpam vivaram kṛtvā ca tūrṇam yāti

20. Kṛṣṇa is an excellent charioteer, and his splendid horses are swift. Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna), making even a small opening, moves swiftly.

Words meanings summery:

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

• प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - excellent, chief, best

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (as Arjuna's charioteer) (Kṛṣṇa (proper name), black)

• शीघ्राः (śīghrāḥ) - swift, quick

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Kṛṣṇa) (his, of him, for this)

• हयोत्तमाः (hayottamāḥ) - excellent horses, best of horses

• अल्पम् (alpam) - small, little, few

• च (ca) - even (and, also, even)

• विवरम् (vivaram) - opening, gap, hole

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

• याति (yāti) - goes, moves, proceeds

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) (conqueror of wealth, Dhanaṃjaya)

Words meanings and morphology

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - excellent, chief, best

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravara

pravara - excellent, chief, best

Note: Qualifies Kṛṣṇa as charioteer.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (as Arjuna's charioteer) (Kṛṣṇa (proper name), black)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa, black, dark

Note: Refers to Lord Kṛṣṇa.

शीघ्राः (śīghrāḥ) - swift, quick

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śīghra

śīghra - swift, quick

Note: Qualifies 'hayottamāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Kṛṣṇa) (his, of him, for this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.

हयोत्तमाः (hayottamāḥ) - excellent horses, best of horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hayottama

hayottama - excellent horse, best of horses

Compound type : tatpurusha (haya+uttama)

• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa's horses.

अल्पम् (alpam) - small, little, few

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few

Note: Qualifies 'vivaram'.

च (ca) - even (and, also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'even a small opening'.

विवरम् (vivaram) - opening, gap, hole

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vivara

vivara - opening, gap, hole

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

root verb 'kṛ' + suffix 'tvā'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms an adverbial clause.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

याति (yāti) - goes, moves, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

root verb, class 2, Parasmaipada

Root: yā (class 2)

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) (conqueror of wealth, Dhanaṃjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'ji' (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.