महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-51

ऐश्वर्यमदपापिष्ठा मदाः पानमदादयः ।
ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तो हि नापतित्वा विबुध्यते ॥५१॥

51. aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭhā madāḥ pānamadādayaḥ ,
aiśvaryamadamatto hi nāpatitvā vibudhyate.

51. aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭhāḥ madāḥ pānamadādayaḥ
aiśvaryamadamattaḥ hi na āpatitvā vibudhyate

51. The intoxications stemming from power and wealth are the most sinful, even more so than intoxications like those from drinking. Indeed, one who is intoxicated by the arrogance of power does not truly awaken until they have experienced a downfall.

Words meanings summery:

• ऐश्वर्यमदपापिष्ठाः (aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭhāḥ) - most sinful due to the intoxication of power/wealth

• मदाः (madāḥ) - intoxications, prides, arrogances

• पानमदादयः (pānamadādayaḥ) - intoxications such as those caused by alcohol (intoxications like drinking, and so on)

• ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तः (aiśvaryamadamattaḥ) - intoxicated by the arrogance of power/wealth

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• न (na) - not, no

• आपतित्वा (āpatitvā) - having fallen, having met with misfortune

• विबुध्यते (vibudhyate) - awakens, realizes

Words meanings and morphology

ऐश्वर्यमदपापिष्ठाः (aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭhāḥ) - most sinful due to the intoxication of power/wealth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭha

aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭha - most sinful due to intoxication of power/wealth

Superlative degree derived from pāpin (sinful), combined with aiśvaryamada (intoxication of power).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aiśvarya+mada+pāpiṣṭha)

• aiśvarya – sovereignty, power, wealth, dominion, prosperity
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from īśvara (lord, master) with suffix -ya.
  Root: īś (class 2)
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion, frenzy
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root mad (to be exhilarated, rejoice).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• pāpiṣṭha – most sinful, wickedest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of pāpin (sinful).

Note: Used here as a predicate adjective qualifying madāḥ.

मदाः (madāḥ) - intoxications, prides, arrogances

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mada

mada - intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion, frenzy

Derived from root mad (to be exhilarated, rejoice).

Root: mad (class 4)

पानमदादयः (pānamadādayaḥ) - intoxications such as those caused by alcohol (intoxications like drinking, and so on)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pānamadādi

pānamadādi - intoxications, starting with drinking

Compound of pānamada (intoxication from drinking) and ādi (beginning, etc.).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāna+mada+ādi)

• pāna – drinking, beverage
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root pā (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion, frenzy
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root mad (to be exhilarated, rejoice).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• ādi – beginning, origin, first, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)

ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तः (aiśvaryamadamattaḥ) - intoxicated by the arrogance of power/wealth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aiśvaryamadamatta

aiśvaryamadamatta - intoxicated by the arrogance of power/wealth

Compound of aiśvaryamada (intoxication of power) and matta (intoxicated).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aiśvarya+mada+matta)

• aiśvarya – sovereignty, power, wealth, dominion, prosperity
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from īśvara (lord, master) with suffix -ya.
  Root: īś (class 2)
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion, frenzy
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root mad (to be exhilarated, rejoice).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• matta – intoxicated, drunk, infatuated, excited, mad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mad (to be intoxicated, to rejoice).
  Root: mad (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आपतित्वा (āpatitvā) - having fallen, having met with misfortune

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root pat (to fall) with upasarga ā- and suffix -tvā.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

विबुध्यते (vibudhyate) - awakens, realizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

Prefix: vi

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Formed with prefix vi-.