महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-31

सुव्याहृतानि सुधियां सुकृतानि ततस्ततः ।
संचिन्वन्धीर आसीत शिलाहारी शिलं यथा ॥३१॥

31. suvyāhṛtāni sudhiyāṁ sukṛtāni tatastataḥ ,
saṁcinvandhīra āsīta śilāhārī śilaṁ yathā.

31. suvyāhṛtāni sudhiyām sukṛtāni tatas tataḥ
sañcinvan dhīraḥ āsīta śilāhārī śilam yathā

31. A steadfast person (dhīra) should gather wise sayings from the intelligent and good deeds (sukṛta) from various sources, just as a gleaner collects fallen grains (śila).

Words meanings summery:

• सुव्याहृतानि (suvyāhṛtāni) - well-spoken words, good sayings, eloquent statements

• सुधियाम् (sudhiyām) - of the wise, of the intelligent, of those with good intellect

• सुकृतानि (sukṛtāni) - good deeds, meritorious actions

• ततस् (tatas) - from there, from that place, then

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, from that place, then

• सञ्चिन्वन् (sañcinvan) - collecting, gathering, accumulating

• धीरः (dhīraḥ) - a steadfast person, a wise person (steadfast, courageous, wise, patient, firm)

• आसीत (āsīta) - should conduct oneself (should be, should remain, should sit)

• शिलाहारी (śilāhārī) - a person who gathers grains from the field after harvest (gleaner of grains, one who collects fallen grains)

• शिलम् (śilam) - gleaning, picking up fallen grains

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

Words meanings and morphology

सुव्याहृतानि (suvyāhṛtāni) - well-spoken words, good sayings, eloquent statements

(adjective)

neuter, plural of suvyāhṛta

suvyāhṛta - well-spoken, eloquent, good saying, wise speech

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'su' (good) + 'vi' (prefix) + 'āhṛta' (P.P.P. of 'hṛ' with 'ā' prefix).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+vyāhṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vyāhṛta – spoken, uttered, said
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'vi' + 'ā' + 'hṛ' (to take, carry, utter).
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as 'good sayings'.

सुधियाम् (sudhiyām) - of the wise, of the intelligent, of those with good intellect

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sudhī

sudhī - intelligent, wise, clever, good intellect

Formed from 'su' (good) + 'dhī' (intellect).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dhī)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• dhī – thought, intellect, understanding, wisdom
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'dhyā' (to meditate) or 'dhi' (to perceive).
  Root: dhyā / dhi (class 4)

Note: Used substantively.

सुकृतानि (sukṛtāni) - good deeds, meritorious actions

(adjective)

neuter, plural of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, virtuous, good deed, merit

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'su' (good) + 'kṛta' (P.P.P. of 'kṛ').

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed, deed, action
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used substantively as 'good deeds'.

ततस् (tatas) - from there, from that place, then

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' + 'tasil' suffix.

Note: 's' is due to sandhi with following 'tataḥ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, from that place, then

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' + 'tasil' suffix.

Note: In 'tatas tataḥ' it means 'from various sources' or 'from here and there'.

सञ्चिन्वन् (sañcinvan) - collecting, gathering, accumulating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañcinvat

sañcinvat - collecting, gathering, accumulating

Present Active Participle

From root 'ci' (to gather) with 'sam' prefix. 'śatṛ' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'dhīraḥ'.

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - a steadfast person, a wise person (steadfast, courageous, wise, patient, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - steadfast, wise, brave, firm, composed, intelligent

From 'dhī' (intellect) + 'ra' suffix.

Note: Used substantively as 'a wise person'.

आसीत (āsīta) - should conduct oneself (should be, should remain, should sit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative mood

Third person singular, optative, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

शिलाहारी (śilāhārī) - a person who gathers grains from the field after harvest (gleaner of grains, one who collects fallen grains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śilāhārin

śilāhārin - gleaner, one who picks up grains from fallen stalks

From 'śila' (gleaning) + 'hārin' (taker/collector).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (śila+hārin)

• śila – gleaning, picking up grains left on the field
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'śīl' (to glean, to practice).
  Root: śīl (class 10)
• hārin – carrying, taking, seizing, one who takes/carries
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root 'hṛ'
  From root 'hṛ' (to take, carry) + 'ṇini' suffix.
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

शिलम् (śilam) - gleaning, picking up fallen grains

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śila

śila - gleaning, collecting grains left on the field, good conduct

From root 'śīl' (to glean, to practice).

Root: śīl (class 10)

Note: Object of implied action 'collects' (from 'hārin').

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)