महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-48

संपन्नतरमेवान्नं दरिद्रा भुञ्जते सदा ।
क्षुत्स्वादुतां जनयति सा चाढ्येषु सुदुर्लभा ॥४८॥

48. saṁpannataramevānnaṁ daridrā bhuñjate sadā ,
kṣutsvādutāṁ janayati sā cāḍhyeṣu sudurlabhā.

48. sampannataram eva annam daridrāḥ bhuñjate sadā
kṣut svādutām janayati sā ca āḍhyeṣu sudurlabhā

48. The poor always eat even the most sumptuous food. Hunger creates deliciousness, and that [hunger] is very difficult for the wealthy to experience.

Words meanings summery:

• सम्पन्नतरम् (sampannataram) - food that is more delicious or satisfying (due to hunger) (more complete, more opulent, more sumptuous)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'even' the simple food seems sumptuous (indeed, only, even, just)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain, nourishment

• दरिद्राः (daridrāḥ) - poor people (the poor)

• भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - they eat, they enjoy

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, continuously

• क्षुत् (kṣut) - hunger

• स्वादुताम् (svādutām) - deliciousness, tastefulness

• जनयति (janayati) - produces, creates, gives birth to

• सा (sā) - referring to 'hunger' (kṣudh, feminine) (she, that (feminine))

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• आढ्येषु (āḍhyeṣu) - among wealthy people (among the wealthy, in the rich)

• सुदुर्लभा (sudurlabhā) - very difficult for them to experience (very rare, very difficult to obtain)

Words meanings and morphology

सम्पन्नतरम् (sampannataram) - food that is more delicious or satisfying (due to hunger) (more complete, more opulent, more sumptuous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sampannatara

sampannatara - more complete, more opulent, more sumptuous, more successful

Comparative of Past Passive Participle

Derived from `sampanna` (Past Passive Participle of root `sampad`) with the comparative suffix `-tara`.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'even' the simple food seems sumptuous (indeed, only, even, just)

(indeclinable)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain, nourishment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, cooked rice, grain, sustenance

Past Passive Participle

Originally PPP of `ad` (to eat), meaning 'eaten', then substantivized to 'food'.

Root: ad (class 2)

दरिद्राः (daridrāḥ) - poor people (the poor)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daridra

daridra - poor, indigent, destitute, needy

भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - they eat, they enjoy

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, continuously

(indeclinable)

क्षुत् (kṣut) - hunger

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣudh

kṣudh - hunger, appetite, desire

Root `kṣudh` (to be hungry), noun `kṣudh` (hunger).

Root: kṣudh (class 4)

स्वादुताम् (svādutām) - deliciousness, tastefulness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of svādutā

svādutā - deliciousness, sweetness, good taste

Derived from `svādu` (sweet, delicious) with the feminine suffix `-tā`.

जनयति (janayati) - produces, creates, gives birth to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Causative

Causative form of the root `jan`.

Root: jan (class 4)

सा (sā) - referring to 'hunger' (kṣudh, feminine) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

आढ्येषु (āḍhyeṣu) - among wealthy people (among the wealthy, in the rich)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of āḍhya

āḍhya - rich, wealthy, opulent

सुदुर्लभा (sudurlabhā) - very difficult for them to experience (very rare, very difficult to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sudurlabhā

sudurlabha - very difficult to obtain, very rare, hardly available

Compound adjective formed with prefixes `su-` (very) and `dur-` (difficult), modifying `labha` (obtainable).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+dur+labha)

• su – good, well, very, easily
  indeclinable
• dur – difficult, bad, ill, hard
  indeclinable
• labha – obtainable, to be gained
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root `labh` (to obtain) with suffix `-a` (a-type gerundive/kṛt suffix).
  Root: labh (class 1)