महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-15

वनस्पतेरपक्वानि फलानि प्रचिनोति यः ।
स नाप्नोति रसं तेभ्यो बीजं चास्य विनश्यति ॥१५॥

15. vanaspaterapakvāni phalāni pracinoti yaḥ ,
sa nāpnoti rasaṁ tebhyo bījaṁ cāsya vinaśyati.

15. vanaspateḥ apakvāni phalāni pracinoti yaḥ saḥ
na āpnoti rasam tebhyaḥ bījam ca asya vinaśyati

15. The one who gathers unripe fruits from a tree does not obtain their essence, and their seed also perishes.

Words meanings summery:

• वनस्पतेः (vanaspateḥ) - from a tree, from a plant

• अपक्वानि (apakvāni) - unripe, uncooked, immature

• फलानि (phalāni) - fruits, results

• प्रचिनोति (pracinoti) - gathers, plucks, collects

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• न (na) - not, no

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains, reaches, gets

• रसम् (rasam) - juice, essence, taste, fluid

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from the unripe fruits (from them, to them)

• बीजम् (bījam) - seed

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - its (referring to the fruit's or tree's) seed (his, its)

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, is lost

Words meanings and morphology

वनस्पतेः (vanaspateḥ) - from a tree, from a plant

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vanaspati

vanaspati - a tree, a plant, a lord of the forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+spati)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• spati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

अपक्वानि (apakvāni) - unripe, uncooked, immature

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of apakva

apakva - unripe, uncooked, immature

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `a` (negation) + `pakva` (PPP of `pac`).

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+pakva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pakva – ripe, cooked, mature
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'pac' (to cook, ripen).
  Root: pac (class 1)

फलानि (phalāni) - fruits, results

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward

प्रचिनोति (pracinoti) - gathers, plucks, collects

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praci

Present Active Indicative

Root `ci` with prefix `pra`. Class 5 verb.

Prefix: pra

Root: ci (class 5)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains, reaches, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present Active Indicative

Root `āp`, Class 5 verb.

Root: āp (class 5)

रसम् (rasam) - juice, essence, taste, fluid

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - juice, essence, taste, fluid, sentiment

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from the unripe fruits (from them, to them)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

बीजम् (bījam) - seed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bīja

bīja - seed, origin, element

Note: Subject of 'vinashyati'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - its (referring to the fruit's or tree's) seed (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed, is lost

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vinaś

Present Active Indicative

Root `naś` with prefix `vi`. Class 4 verb.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)