महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-16

यस्तु पक्वमुपादत्ते काले परिणतं फलम् ।
फलाद्रसं स लभते बीजाच्चैव फलं पुनः ॥१६॥

16. yastu pakvamupādatte kāle pariṇataṁ phalam ,
phalādrasaṁ sa labhate bījāccaiva phalaṁ punaḥ.

16. yaḥ tu pakvam upādatte kāle pariṇatam phalam
phalāt rasam saḥ labhate bījāt ca eva phalam punaḥ

16. However, the one who takes a ripe, matured fruit at the proper time obtains its essence from the fruit, and indeed, a new fruit again from its seed.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• पक्वम् (pakvam) - ripe, cooked, matured

• उपादत्ते (upādatte) - takes, gathers, accepts

• काले (kāle) - at time, in due season

• परिणतम् (pariṇatam) - ripened, matured, transformed

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result

• फलात् (phalāt) - from the fruit, from the result

• रसम् (rasam) - juice, essence, taste, fluid

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• लभते (labhate) - obtains, receives, gains

• बीजात् (bījāt) - from the seed

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• फलम् (phalam) - a new fruit (from the seed) (fruit, result)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पक्वम् (pakvam) - ripe, cooked, matured

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pakva

pakva - ripe, cooked, mature

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `pac` (to cook, ripen).

Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `phalam`.

उपादत्ते (upādatte) - takes, gathers, accepts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upādā

Present Middle Indicative

Root `dā` (to give/take) with prefixes `upa` and `ā`. Class 3 verb.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

काले (kāle) - at time, in due season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, proper time, season

परिणतम् (pariṇatam) - ripened, matured, transformed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pariṇata

pariṇata - ripened, matured, transformed, developed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `nam` (to bend) with prefix `pari`. Meaning shifts from 'bent around' to 'ripened' or 'changed into'.

Prefix: pari

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `phalam`.

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward

Note: Object of `upādatte`.

फलात् (phalāt) - from the fruit, from the result

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward

रसम् (rasam) - juice, essence, taste, fluid

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - juice, essence, taste, fluid, sentiment

Note: Object of `labhate`.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Subject of `labhate`.

लभते (labhate) - obtains, receives, gains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

Present Middle Indicative

Root `labh`, Class 1 verb (`ātmanepada`).

Root: labh (class 1)

बीजात् (bījāt) - from the seed

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bīja

bīja - seed, origin, element

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

फलम् (phalam) - a new fruit (from the seed) (fruit, result)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward

Note: Object of implied verb like 'produces' or 'obtains'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

(indeclinable)