महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-34, verse-20

अनारभ्या भवन्त्यर्थाः केचिन्नित्यं तथागताः ।
कृतः पुरुषकारोऽपि भवेद्येषु निरर्थकः ॥२०॥

20. anārabhyā bhavantyarthāḥ kecinnityaṁ tathāgatāḥ ,
kṛtaḥ puruṣakāro'pi bhavedyeṣu nirarthakaḥ.

20. anārabhya bhavanti arthāḥ kecit nityam tathāgatāḥ
kṛtaḥ puruṣakāraḥ api bhavet yeṣu nirarthakaḥ

20. Some matters are inherently un-commenceable and eternally preordained, in which cases even human effort proves to be futile.

Words meanings summery:

• अनारभ्य (anārabhya) - not to be begun, uncommenceable

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - purposes, matters, things, objects

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally

• तथागताः (tathāgatāḥ) - arrived thus, happened thus, predetermined

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done, made

• पुरुषकारः (puruṣakāraḥ) - human effort, exertion

• अपि (api) - even, also

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, it may be

• येषु (yeṣu) - in which, among whom

• निरर्थकः (nirarthakaḥ) - useless, meaningless, futile

Words meanings and morphology

अनारभ्य (anārabhya) - not to be begun, uncommenceable

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anārabhya

anārabhya - not to be begun, not to be undertaken, unattainable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Negation 'an-' + prefix 'ā-' + root 'rabh' + gerundive suffix '-ya'

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Feminine form of the gerundive, used predicatively or adverbially despite subject 'arthāḥ' being masculine plural.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - purposes, matters, things, objects

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, thing, object

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what, which

Irregular declension of 'kim' + 'cit' suffix for indefiniteness

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, eternally

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially (neuter accusative singular form)

तथागताः (tathāgatāḥ) - arrived thus, happened thus, predetermined

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tathāgata

tathāgata - thus gone, thus come, accomplished, perfected, predetermined

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'tathā' (thus) and 'gata' (gone/arrived, PPP of root 'gam')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+gata)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, arrived, reached, obtained
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'gam'
  Root: gam (class 1)

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done, made

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'kṛ'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुरुषकारः (puruṣakāraḥ) - human effort, exertion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣakāra

puruṣakāra - human effort, personal exertion, human agency

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+kāra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• kāra – doing, making, action, effort
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix '-a'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, it may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

येषु (yeṣu) - in which, among whom

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what

निरर्थकः (nirarthakaḥ) - useless, meaningless, futile

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirarthaka

nirarthaka - useless, senseless, vain, unmeaning

Compound of 'nis' (without) + 'artha' (meaning/purpose) + '-ka' (suffix)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+artha+ka)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
• ka – suffix used to form adjectives or nouns
  suffix