महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-84, verse-37

देवा ऊचुः ।
प्रतीपया जिह्वयापि सर्वाहारान्करिष्यथ ।
वाचं चोच्चारयिष्यध्वमुच्चैरव्यञ्जिताक्षरम् ।
इत्युक्त्वा पुनरेवाग्निमनुसस्रुर्दिवौकसः ॥३७॥

37. devā ūcuḥ ,
pratīpayā jihvayāpi sarvāhārānkariṣyatha ,
vācaṁ coccārayiṣyadhvamuccairavyañjitākṣaram ,
ityuktvā punarevāgnimanusasrurdivaukasaḥ.

37. devāḥ ūcuḥ pratīpayā jihvayā api
sarvāhārān kariṣyatha vācam ca uccārayiṣyadhvam
uccaiḥ avyañjitākṣaram iti uktvā
punaḥ eva agnim anusasruḥ divaukasaḥ

37. devāḥ ūcuḥ pratīpayā jihvayā api
sarvāhārān kariṣyatha ca uccaiḥ avyañjitākṣaram
vācam uccārayiṣyadhvam iti uktvā
divaukasaḥ punaḥ eva agnim anusasruḥ

37. The gods said: 'Even with an inverted tongue, you will consume all kinds of food. And you will utter speech loudly, with indistinct syllables.' Having said this, the celestial beings again followed the fire.

Words meanings summery:

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

• प्रतीपया (pratīpayā) - with an inverted, reversed

• जिह्वया (jihvayā) - with the tongue

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• सर्वाहारान् (sarvāhārān) - all kinds of food

• करिष्यथ (kariṣyatha) - you will make/do/consume

• वाचम् (vācam) - speech, voice

• च (ca) - and, also

• उच्चारयिष्यध्वम् (uccārayiṣyadhvam) - you will utter

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, high, up

• अव्यञ्जिताक्षरम् (avyañjitākṣaram) - with indistinct syllables, unarticulated

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• अग्निम् (agnim) - the deity Fire (fire)

• अनुसस्रुः (anusasruḥ) - they followed

• दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - celestial beings, gods

Words meanings and morphology

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, celestial being

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root 'vac' (class 2) conjugated in perfect tense, 3rd person plural. Strong stem 'ūc' due to samprasāraṇa.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रतीपया (pratīpayā) - with an inverted, reversed

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pratīpā

pratīpā - inverted, reversed, contrary, adverse

जिह्वया (jihvayā) - with the tongue

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue, language, speech

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

सर्वाहारान् (sarvāhārān) - all kinds of food

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvāhāra

sarvāhāra - all kinds of food, omnivorous

Compound of 'sarva' and 'āhāra'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+āhāra)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• āhāra – food, eating, consumption
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'hṛ' (to take) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

करिष्यथ (kariṣyatha) - you will make/do/consume

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future tense, 2nd person plural

Root 'kṛ' (class 8) conjugated in future tense, 2nd person plural, active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वाचम् (vācam) - speech, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उच्चारयिष्यध्वम् (uccārayiṣyadhvam) - you will utter

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of uccār

Future tense, 2nd person plural, middle voice

Causative of root 'car' (to move) with prefix 'ut', conjugated in future tense, 2nd person plural, middle voice.

Prefix: ut

Root: car (class 1)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, high, up

(indeclinable)

अव्यञ्जिताक्षरम् (avyañjitākṣaram) - with indistinct syllables, unarticulated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyañjitākṣara

avyañjitākṣara - having indistinct letters/syllables, unarticulated

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose letters (akṣara) are indistinct (avyañjita)'. 'a' is a negative prefix to 'vyañjita'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+vyañjita+akṣara)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vyañjita – manifested, clear, distinct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'añj' (to anoint, manifest) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• akṣara – letter, syllable, imperishable
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially, describing the manner of uttering speech.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-tvā'. Initial 'v' replaced by 'u' due to samprasāraṇa.

Root: vac (class 2)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

अग्निम् (agnim) - the deity Fire (fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, deity Agni

अनुसस्रुः (anusasruḥ) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root 'sṛ' (class 1) conjugated in perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice, with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: sṛ (class 1)

दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - celestial beings, gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divaukas

divaukas - dweller in heaven, celestial being, god

Compound of 'div' (heaven) and 'okas' (dwelling).

Compound type : tatpurusha (div+okas)

• div – heaven, sky, day
  noun (masculine)
• okas – dwelling, house, home; resident
  noun (neuter)